Effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy after radical nephroureterectomy for locally advanced and/or positive regional lymph node upper tract urothelial carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. e2006-e2008
Author(s):  
T. Seisen ◽  
R. Krasnow ◽  
J. Bellmunt ◽  
M. Rouprêt ◽  
J. Leow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Regional Lymph Node ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Nephroureterectomy ◽  
Upper Tract

Effectiveness of adjuvant chemotherapy after radical nephroureterectomy for locally advanced and/or positive regional lymph node upper tract urothelial carcinoma.

2017 ◽  
Vol 35 (6_suppl) ◽  
pp. 305-305
Author(s):  
Ross Erik Krasnow ◽  
Thomas Seisen ◽  
Joaquim Bellmunt ◽  
Morgan Roupret ◽  
Jeffrey J. Leow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Treatment Effect ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Regional Lymph Node ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Nephroureterectomy ◽  
Kaplan Meier

305 Background: There is limited evidence supporting the use of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) after radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Against this backdrop, we hypothesized that such treatment is associated with an overall survival (OS) benefit in patients with locally advanced and/or positive regional lymph node disease. Methods: Within the National Cancer Data Base (2004-2012), we identified 3,253 individuals who received AC or observation after RNU for pT3/T4 and/or pN+ UTUC. Inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW)-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression analyses were used to compare OS of patients in the two treatment groups. Additionally, we performed exploratory analyses of treatment effect according to age, gender, Charlson comorbidity index, pathological stage (pT3/T4N0, pT3/T4Nx and pTanyN+) and surgical margin status. Results: Overall, 762 (23.42%) and 2,491 (76.58%) patients with pT3/T4 and/or pN+ UTUC received AC and observation after RNU, respectively. IPTW-adjusted Kaplan-Meier curves showed that median OS was significantly longer for AC vs. observation (47.41 [IQR, 19.88-112.39] vs. 35.78 [IQR, 14.09-99.22] months; P< 0.001). The 5-year IPTW-adjusted rates of OS for AC vs. observation were 43.90% vs. 35.85%, respectively. In IPTW-adjusted Cox regression analysis, AC was associated with a significant OS benefit (HR = 0.77; 95% CI = [0.68-0.88]; P< 0.001). This benefit was consistent across all subgroups examined (all P< 0.05) and no significant heterogeneity of treatment effect was observed (all Pinteraction> 0.05). The 3-month conditional landmark IPTW-adjusted analysis demonstrated little impact of immortal time bias (HR = 0.79; 95% CI = [0.70-0.91]; P = 0.001). Conclusions: We report an OS benefit in patients who received AC vs. observation after RNU for pT3/T4 and/or pN+ UTUC. Although our results are limited by the usual biases related to the observational study design, we believe that the present findings should be considered when advising post-RNU management of advanced UTUC, pending level I evidence.

Prognostic assessments in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma undergoing radical nephroureterectomy and systematic regional lymph node dissection

2021 ◽  
pp. 039156032110349
Author(s):  
Ryo Sato ◽  
Kyohei Watanabe ◽  
Yuto Matsushita ◽  
Hiromitsu Watanabe ◽  
Daisuke Motoyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lymph Node ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Regional Lymph Node ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Nephroureterectomy ◽  
Node Dissection ◽  
Upper Tract ◽  
Regional Lymph Node Dissection ◽  
Univariate Analyses

Objectives: Systematic regional lymph node dissection (LND) combined with radical nephroureterectomy (RNU) has been reported to improve the outcomes of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) patients. The objective of the present study was to assess the prognostic outcomes of UTUC patients undergoing systematic regional LND combined with RNU. Patients and methods: We conducted a retrospective evaluation of prognostic outcomes of 68 consecutive UTUC patients treated with RUN and systematic regional LND. Results: The median durations of recurrence-free survival (RFS) and overall survival (OS) were 45 and 166 months, respectively. Univariate analyses of several parameters showed that despite the lack of a significant predictor for RFS, the presence of lymph node metastasis correlated with poor OS. Conclusion: These results suggest that comparatively favorable outcomes are achievable in UTUC patients by RNU and systematic regional LND; however, special attention is needed for patients with nodal involvement even after systematic regional LND due to the adverse impact of this factor on OS.

Effects of Adjuvant Chemotherapy on Locally Advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. e1193-e1202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Do Kyung Kim ◽  
Jong Won Kim ◽  
Hae Do Jung ◽  
Hyun Kyu Ahn ◽  
Joo Yong Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Upper Tract

scholarly journals Survival Benefits Based on the Number of Lymph Nodes Removed during Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Soo Choo ◽  
Sangjun Yoo ◽  
Hyeong Dong Yuk ◽  
Chang Wook Jeong ◽  
Min Chul Cho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Overall Survival ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Nephroureterectomy ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Upper Tract

The role of lymph node dissection (LND) is still controversial for upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC), and there are no guidelines regarding its use. This study was conducted to find a higher level of evidence for the survival benefits based on the number of LNs removed during radical nephroureterectomy (RNUx) through a systematic review and meta-analysis. We included studies comparing patients who underwent LND during RNUx for UTUC. We searched the major electronic databases (Pubmed, Embase®, and Scopus®) and conducted manual searches of the electronically available abstracts of the major international urology cancer meetings [American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), American Urological Association (AUA), and Eropean Association of Urology (EAU)] prior to April 2019 using grouped terms of nephroureterectomy (nephroureterectom*) and lymph node excision (lymphadenectomy; lymph + node*; lymph* + metasta*) with variations in the terms. Study selection, data collection, and risk of bias assessment were performed by two independent authors (A and B). Six retrospective case-control studies included a total of 33,944 patients who underwent RNUx for UTUC, 5071 of whom underwent LND and were finally included in the meta-analysis. The pooled hazard ratio (HR) in these studies revealed that an increased number of LNs removed during RNUx was associated with improved cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with UTUC (HR = 0.95, 95% CI: 0.91–0.99; p = 0.07). In addition, increased numbers of LNs removed were associated with improved overall survival (OS) in pN0 patients. However, in pN+ patients, the number of LNs removed showed no survival benefit on CSS, overall survival (OS), or progression-free survival (PFS). Higher numbers of LNs removed during RNUx were associated with improved survival outcomes in patients with UTUC. This study confirmed that LND also has oncological benefits in UTUC patients. Although still a controversial topic, meticulous LND must be considered, and efforts should be made to eliminate as many LNs as possible when administering RNUx for UTUC, especially in patients without clear evidence of LN metastasis.

Effect of Lymphadenectomy During Radical Nephroureterectomy in Locally Advanced Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 556-562 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masaomi Ikeda ◽  
Kazumasa Matsumoto ◽  
Kazushige Sakaguchi ◽  
Daisuke Ishii ◽  
Ken-ichi Tabata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma ◽  
Radical Nephroureterectomy ◽  
Upper Tract
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