Do Hybrid Legal Systems Matter in Foreign Legal-Aid Programmes? Some Philosophical Aspects of Legal Aid in Uzbekistan as Provided by the Donor States

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Aziz Ismatov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Financial Institutions ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Hybrid Structure ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
Soviet Republic ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
Donor States ◽  
Individual Donor

Abstract Since the fall of socialism in Eastern Europe, the former Soviet Union, and some states of Southeast Asia, the international financial institutions and individual donor states have initiated wide-scale legal-aid programmes to assist these states in their transition from socialism to a market economy. Whereas the aid from financial institutions vis-à-vis recipient states is often agreed upon specific conditionalities, the donor states design their foreign legal aid according to individual preferences, although sometimes with references to universal goals. Currently, various donor states provide legal aid to Uzbekistan. Given the fact that Uzbekistan is the former Soviet Republic that still bears multiple traces of a socialist legal system and additionally integrates indigenous informal law, this research provides an analysis of how different donor states base their legal-aid activities on entirely different philosophies and levels of gravity, and how receptive the hybrid structure of Uzbekistan’s law is towards such aid.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF QUALIFIED LEGAL ASSISTANCE IN RUSSIA AND THE FORMER SOVIET UNION

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 410-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anzhelika V. Gavrilova
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Legal System ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Judicial Reform ◽  
Legal Assistance ◽  
Legal Aid ◽  
Academic Publications ◽  
Traditional Understanding

The relevance of this work is due to the modern processes of regulation of the legal services market, typical both for Russia and for sovereign States in the post-Soviet space, in order to ensure the constitutional right to qualified legal assistance. The purpose of the work is predetermined by the analysis of ideas about qualified legal assistance in a retrospective and modern sense. The research was based on normative legal acts, including monuments of law, and scientific works (academic publications, monographs) devoted to the development of legal aid. The study was carried out using a set of comparative legal methods: the diachronic method allowed us to compare the basics of legal aid that existed in different historical periods; the synchronous method made it possible to compare the legal reality of Russia with other countries. The problem-chronological method allowed to study the essential features of the evolution of ideas about legal aid that are directly dependent on the socio-cultural transformations of the political and legal system of the and interpretation of norms, implementation of which determines the modern processes of professionalization of legal aid. The study of pre-revolutionary legislation of Russia allowed us to conclude that the traditional understanding of the provision of professional legal assistance by lawyers is formed in the process of socio-cultural modernization of the legal system during the implementation of the Judicial reform of 1864. the Paradigm of legal nihilism in the first years of Soviet power resulted in lacking any qualification requirements for persons who can provide legal assistance, which predetermined the stable practice of lawyers who did not have professional education. The liberalization of legislation during the thaw period contributed to the return to traditional understanding of legal aid. The regulation of legal aid in modern States is carried out in line with the implementation of international standards in national legislation.

Marital Stability Among Jewish and Mixed Couples Following Immigration to Israel From the Former Soviet Union

2012 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 158-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoav Lavee ◽  
Ludmila Krivosh
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Marital Stability ◽  
Marital Instability ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Mixed Marriages ◽  
Marital Outcomes ◽  
Jewish Immigrants

This research aims to identify factors associated with marital instability among Jewish and mixed (Jewish and non-Jewish) couples following immigration from the former Soviet Union. Based on the Strangeness Theory and the Model of Acculturation, we predicted that non-Jewish immigrants would be less well adjusted personally and socially to Israeli society than Jewish immigrants and that endogamous Jewish couples would have better interpersonal congruence than mixed couples in terms of personal and social adjustment. The sample included 92 Jewish couples and 92 ethnically-mixed couples, of which 82 couples (40 Jewish, 42 mixed) divorced or separated after immigration and 102 couples (52 Jewish, 50 ethnically mixed) remained married. Significant differences were found between Jewish and non-Jewish immigrants in personal adjustment, and between endogamous and ethnically-mixed couples in the congruence between spouses in their personal and social adjustment. Marital instability was best explained by interpersonal disparity in cultural identity and in adjustment to life in Israel. The findings expand the knowledge on marital outcomes of immigration, in general, and immigration of mixed marriages, in particular.

The Contribution of Pavlov's Typology of CNS Properties to Personality Research

1997 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Strelau
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Special Significance ◽  
The West ◽  
Personality Dimensions ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Personality Theories ◽  
Strength Of Excitation ◽  
Point Of Departure

This paper presents Pavlov's contribution to the development of biological-oriented personality theories. Taking a short description of Pavlov's typology of central nervous system (CNS) properties as a point of departure, it shows how, and to what extent, this typology influenced further research in the former Soviet Union as well as in the West. Of special significance for the development of biologically oriented personality dimensions was the conditioned reflex paradigm introduced by Pavlov for studying individual differences in dogs. This paradigm was used by Russian psychologists in research on types of nervous systems conducted in different animal species as well as for assessing temperament in children and adults. Also, personality psychologists in the West, such as Eysenck, Spence, and Gray, incorporated the CR paradigm into their theories. Among the basic properties of excitation and inhibition on which Pavlov's typology was based, strength of excitation and the basic indicator of this property, protective inhibition, gained the highest popularity in arousaloriented personality theories. Many studies have been conducted in which the Pavlovian constructs of CNS properties have been related to different personality dimensions. In current research the behavioral expressions of the Pavlovian constructs of strength of excitation, strength of inhibition, and mobility of nervous processes as measured by the Pavlovian Temperament Survey (PTS) have been related to over a dozen of personality dimensions, mostly referring to temperament.

Transmigration und Kapitalismus

2005 ◽  
Vol 35 (140) ◽  
pp. 407-422
Author(s):  
Julia Bernstein
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union ◽  
Different Sources

Based on an ethnographical study the article presents the problems of Soviet migrants with capitalistic every day life. The reaction of the migrants and the role of their imagination of capitalism, which was formed by different sources in the former Soviet Union, is investigated.

Gemstone deposits of the former Soviet Union

1998 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernst M. Spiridonov
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Former Soviet Union
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