Preoperative evaluation and postoperative management

2015 ◽  
pp. 281-296
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson ◽  
Meredith L. Snook
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Postoperative Management

Postoperative Management for the Obese Patient

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiliang Alice Cao ◽  
Maurice Frankie Joyce
Keyword(s):  
Obese Patient ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Impaired Wound Healing ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Postoperative Cognitive Decline ◽  
Complete Reversal ◽  
Hypoventilation Syndrome ◽  
Obesity Hypoventilation

Obesity results in physiologic changes that effect nearly every organ system, including respiratory, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, genitourinary, and neuropsychiatric. These changes are associated with complications in the postoperative period that the anesthesia provider must take into account when planning the anesthetic of the obese patient. Obesity is associated with obstructive sleep apnea, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, and restrictive-type changes in lung volumes that decrease the obese patient’s ability to compensate for the changes that take place with anesthesia. The anesthetic provider should conduct a thorough preoperative evaluation, ensure complete reversal of neuromuscular blockade prior to extubation to prevent obstruction, ensure adequate pain control without compromising respiratory function, and consider use of Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machines for patients on home CPAP. Obesity is also associated with an increased risk of perioperative arrhythmias, thrombotic events, impaired wound healing, decreased kidney function, and postoperative cognitive decline. Anesthetic providers should make every effort to take steps in order to prevent these complications and be knowledgeable about their management should they occur. This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables, 37 references  

Open Rhinoplasty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ginger Xu ◽  
Paul Hwang ◽  
Nargiz Seyidova ◽  
Samuel J. Lin
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Black Box ◽  
Open Rhinoplasty ◽  
Nasal Tip ◽  
Nasal Anatomy ◽  
Nasal Function ◽  
Type Of Surgery

Rhinoplasty is often considered the black box of plastic surgery. This apprehension can be overcome by having a fine-tuned understanding of nasal anatomy, developing an appreciation for nasal aesthetics, and becoming well-versed in the array of surgical techniques available to address specific cosmetic and functional concerns. Technical care and finesse are required in this type of surgery, where even 1 mm of change can result in a profound difference. Nasal function must also be assessed and preserved during rhinoplasty. Aside from these technical points, it is equally important to accurately and thoroughly understand each patient’s goals and to communicate the realistic outcomes and limitations of what can be done through surgery.   Key words: open rhinoplasty, nasal anatomy, nasofacial analysis, rhinoplasty techniques, rhinoplasty preoperative evaluation, rhinoplasty postoperative management, lateral nasal osteotomies, nasal tip grafts, nasal tip suture techniques This review contains 23 figures, 2 tables, and 43 references.

Removal of a lumbar melanotic schwannoma via the far-lateral approach in a patient with Carney complex

2000 ◽  
Vol 92 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Zonenshayn ◽  
Mark A. Edgar ◽  
Michael H. Lavyne
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Carney Complex ◽  
Lateral Approach ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Melanotic Schwannoma ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumors ◽  
Lumbar Nerve Root ◽  
Far Lateral Approach ◽  
Far Lateral

✓ The authors describe a patient with Carney's complex who presented with sciatica due to a lumbar nerve root sheath tumor. A far-lateral approach was used to resect a nonpsammomatous melanotic schwannoma. Neurosurgeons surgically treating peripheral nerve sheath tumors should be aware of the features of Carney complex because the extent of the preoperative evaluation and postoperative management of an otherwise routine surgical condition can be significantly affected.

Use of Three-Dimensional MRI-Angiography in Preoperative Evaluation and Postoperative Management of Hemangiomas of Head and Neck Region

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 1814-1818 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kahraman Berkhan Ylmaz ◽  
Halil Ibrahim Canter ◽  
Ibrahim Vargel ◽  
Tugrul Ormeci ◽  
Ulas Can ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Head And Neck ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Neck Region ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Head And Neck Region ◽  
Mri Angiography

Perioperative Considerations in Liver Transplantation

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (05) ◽  
pp. 609-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roxana Cortes Lopez ◽  
Randolph Steadman ◽  
Christopher Wray ◽  
Nida Qadir ◽  
Steven Y. Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Transplantation ◽  
Critically Ill ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome ◽  
Preoperative Assessment ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Critically Ill Patient ◽  
Intraoperative Care ◽  
Intraoperative Management ◽  
Increasing Demand

AbstractLiver transplantation (LT) has the potential to cure patients with acute and chronic liver failure as well as a number of hepatic and biliary malignancies. Over time, due to the increasing demand for organs as well as improvements in the survival of LT recipients, patients awaiting LT have become sicker, and often undergo the procedure while critically ill. This trend has made the process of preoperative assessment and planning, intraoperative management, and postoperative management even more crucial to the success of LT programs. Multidisciplinary and specialized teams are essential and include anesthesiologists, surgeons, and intensivists. This article focuses on the preoperative evaluation, intraoperative care, and postoperative management of the liver transplant patient. Management relevant to the critically ill patient is discussed, with a focus on the management of postoperative cardiopulmonary conditions including the care of special populations such as those with hepatopulmonary syndrome and portopulmonary hypertension.

Preoperative Evaluation and Postoperative Management

2002 ◽  
pp. 233-248
Author(s):  
Daniel L. Clarke-Pearson ◽  
Monique A. Spillman ◽  
Christopher V. Lutman ◽  
Paula S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Postoperative Management

Trauma: Multisystem Injury

2018 ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
Dion M. McCall ◽  
Molly Amin ◽  
Michal Gajewski
Keyword(s):  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accident ◽  
Anesthetic Management ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Open Reduction Internal Fixation ◽  
Coma Scale ◽  
Vehicle Accident ◽  
Trauma Injury

In this chapter the essential aspects of anesthesia for multisystemic trauma injury are explored. The patient in the case requires open reduction internal fixation of a closed right humerus fracture sustained in a motor vehicle accident. Subtopics discussed include the Focused Assessment by Sonography in Trauma (FAST) survey, Glasgow Coma Scale, massive blood transfusion protocol, and shock. The chapter is divided into preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative sections with important subtopics related to the main topic in each section. Topics related to preoperative evaluation include assessment using the FAST survey and Glasgow Coma Scale. Intraoperative topics include anesthetic management and dealing with shock and other complications. Postoperative management is also discussed.

Technical Considerations in Tarsometatarsal Joint Arthrodesis

2005 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan R. Catanzariti ◽  
Robert W. Mendicino
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Management ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Tarsometatarsal Joint ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Technical Considerations

Tarsometatarsal arthrodesis is indicated for degenerative joint disease after trauma. Deformity is often associated with post-traumatic arthropathy. Outcomes after surgical management are directly related to realignment. This article reviews the indications, preoperative evaluation, technical execution, and postoperative management of tarsometatarsal arthrodesis. Special emphasis is placed on realignment and restoration of normal foot architecture. (J Am Podiatr Med Assoc 95(1): 85–90, 2005)

Cardiogenic Shock

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Chen ◽  
Muoi Trinh
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Cardiogenic Shock ◽  
Acute Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Perioperative Period ◽  
Decompensated Heart Failure ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Perioperative Morbidity ◽  
Circulatory Assist Devices ◽  
Patients At Risk

Heart failure and cardiogenic shock are important causes of perioperative morbidity and mortality that require prompt recognition prior to the institution of specialized monitoring and treatment, including the consideration of circulatory assist devices. Patients at risk for perioperative heart failure require special consideration with respect to preoperative evaluation, medical optimization prior to proceeding with surgery, and monitoring throughout the perioperative period. The intraoperative and postoperative management need to be carefully planned in order to avoid the development of acute decompensated heart failure and cardiogenic shock. This chapter reviews the perioperative assessment and management of heart failure patients as well as the management of perioperative cardiogenic shock.

scholarly journals Perioperative Management of Diabetes: A Review

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Nazmul Kayes ◽  
NMN Kabir Prodhan ◽  
Refat Hossain Malik
Keyword(s):  
Preoperative Evaluation ◽  
Subcutaneous Administration ◽  
Rapid Onset ◽  
Postoperative Management ◽  
Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Oral Hypoglycemic Agents ◽  
Acid Base Balance ◽  
Perioperative Morbidity ◽  
Base Balance

Diabetes increases the requirements of surgery as well as perioperative morbidity and mortality. Careful preoperative evaluation and treatment of cardiac and renal diseases, intensive intraoperative and postoperative management are essential to optimize the best outcome. Stress hyperglycemia in response to surgery, osmotic diuresis and hypoinsulinemia can lead to life threatening complications like ketoacidosis or hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome. Wound healing is impaired by hyperglycemia and chance of postoperative wound infection is more in diabetics. Therefore aseptic precautions must be taken. Adequate insulin, glucose, fluid and electrolytes should be provided for good metabolic control. Though some current study reveals that oral hypoglycemic agents can be used for the effective management of perioperative diabetes; the adverse effects of newly introduced agents need more clinical observations. Subcutaneous administration of insulin as in Sliding Scale may be a less preferable method, because of unreliable absorption and unpredictable blood glucose. Intravenous administration of rapid onset soluble (short acting) insulin as in Alberti (GIK) regimen, is safe and effective method controlling perioperative hyperglycemia. Patient with type 1 diabetes needs frequent monitoring of glucose, electrolytes and acid-base balance as chance of high hyperglycemia and ketoacidosis is more. In case of emergency surgery assessment for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and meticulous management is essential. Postoperative pain and hyperglycemia should be treated carefully to avoid complications. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dmcj.v2i2.20528 Delta Med Col J. Jul 2014; 2(2): 71-76

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