Richard Olson. Science Deified and Science Defied: The Historic Significance of Science in Western Culture. Volume 2: From the Early Modern Age through the Early Romantic Era ca. 1640 to ca. 1820. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1991. Pp. xi + 445, illus. ISBN 0-520-06846-7. $45.00.

1992 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 464-466
Author(s):  
Stephen Pumfrey
Author(s):  
Stefania Tutino

The last three chapters of this book present specific case studies showing concrete examples of the issues to which probabilism was applied. These chapters bring the theoretical and theological discussions on probabilism into the daily life of early modern men and women, and they demonstrate the fundamental role probabilism assumed in early modern Western culture. This chapter focuses on the question of the validity of East Asian marriages, which were institutionally, legally, and culturally very different from the European West. As Catholic missionaries and theologians confronted these differences, they found probabilism immensely useful for rethinking, updating, and adapting to this new context traditional notions concerning the nature of marriage both as a sacrament and as a legal contract.


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