WHEAT YIELD AND WATER USE EFFICIENCY UNDER CONTRASTING RESIDUE AND TILLAGE MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS IN A SEMIARID AREA OF MOROCCO

Wheat (Triticum aestivum) production using no-tillage is becoming an increasingly accepted management technology. Major obstacles to its adoption in Morocco, however, are exportation of wheat straw from the field and stubble grazing. Among pertinent solutions is the control of these practices. A four-year field study was conducted to determine the effect of residue level under no-tillage on wheat grain and total dry-matter yields, water use and water-use efficiency, and to compare this with conventional tillage systems. The aim was to evaluate whether all the straw produced is needed for no-till cropping or whether partial removal of straw from the field is possible without any adverse effect on production. No-tillage and deep tillage with disk plough performed equally well and subsurface tillage with an off-set disk produced the lowest yields. Both bare and full no-tillage covers depressed wheat production. Uo to 30% of straw produced under no-tillage can be removed without jeopardizing wheat crop performance.

Download Full-text

AGRONOMIC AND ECONOMIC EVALUATION OF PERMANENT RAISED BEDS, NO TILLAGE AND STRAW MULCHING FOR AN IRRIGATED MAIZE-WHEAT SYSTEM IN NORTHWEST INDIA

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479711000809 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 21-38 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

HARI RAM ◽

YADVINDER SINGH ◽

K. S. SAINI ◽

D. S. KLER ◽

J. TIMSINA ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Developed Countries ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

No Tillage ◽

Straw Mulch ◽

Net Returns ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Northwest India

SUMMARYNo-tillage and raised beds are widely used for different crops in developed countries. A field experiment was conducted on an irrigated maize-wheat system to study the effect of field layout, tillage and straw mulch on crop performance, water use efficiency and economics for five years (2003–2008) in northwest India. Straw mulch reduced the maximum soil temperature at seed depth by about 3 °C compared to the no mulch. During the wheat emergence, raised beds recorded 1.3 °C higher soil temperature compared to the flat treatments. Both maize and wheat yields were similar under different treatments during all the years. Maize and wheat planted on raised beds recorded about 7.8% and 22.7% higher water use efficiency than under flat layout, respectively. Straw mulch showed no effect on water use and water use efficiency in maize. The net returns from the maize-wheat system were more in no tillage and permanent raised beds than with conventional tillage. Bulk density and cumulative infiltration were more in no tillage compared with conventional tillage.

Download Full-text

TILLAGE AND PLANTING METHODS EFFECTS ON YIELD, WATER USE EFFICIENCY AND PROFITABILITY OF SOYBEAN–WHEAT SYSTEM ON A LOAMY SAND SOIL

Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1017/s0014479713000264 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 524-542 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

HARI RAM ◽

YADVINDER SINGH ◽

K. S. SAINI ◽

D. S. KLER ◽

J. TIMSINA

Keyword(s):

Soil Temperature ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Crop Production ◽

Conventional Tillage ◽

No Tillage ◽

Straw Mulch ◽

Loamy Sand Soil ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Raised Bed

SUMMARYContinuous rice–wheat (RW) cropping with intensive tillage has resulted in land degradation and inefficient use of water in Indo-Gangetic Plains (IGP) of South Asia. Replacement of rice with less water requiring crops such as soybean in RW system and identification of effective strategies for tillage management could result in sustainable cropping system in IGP. A field experiment was conducted for five years on an annual soybean–wheat (SW) rotation in the northwest IGP of India to evaluate effect of tillage, raised bed planting and straw mulch on yield, soil properties, water use efficiency (WUE) and profitability. In soybean, straw mulch reduced soil temperature at seeding depth by about 2.5 °C compared with no mulch. Straw mulch also resulted in slightly reduced water use and slightly higher WUE relative to their respective unmulched treatments. During wheat emergence, raised beds resulted in higher soil temperature by 1.6 °C compared with flat treatments. Bulk density and cumulative infiltration were greater in no-tillage compared with conventional tillage. Soil organic carbon in surface layer increased significantly after five years of experimentation. Soybean and wheat yields were similar under different treatments during all the years of experimentation. Soybean and wheat planted on raised beds recorded about 17% and 23% higher WUE, respectively, than in flat layout. The net returns from SW system were greater in no-tillage and permanent raised beds than with conventional tillage. Both no-tillage and permanent raised bed technologies can be adopted for sustainable crop production in SW rotation in northwest IGP. However, more studies are required representing different soil types and climate conditions for making recommendations for other regions of IGP.

Download Full-text

Effects of Drip Irrigation Patterns on Wheat Yield and Water Use Efficiency in Heilonggang Region

ACTA AGRONOMICA SINICA ◽

10.3724/sp.j.1006.2013.01687 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 39 (9) ◽

pp. 1687 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zi-Jin NIE ◽

Yuan-Quan CHEN ◽

Jian-Sheng ZHANG ◽

Jiang-Tao SHI ◽

Chao LI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Drip Irrigation ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Irrigation Patterns

Download Full-text

Ecosystem-level water use efficiency and evapotranspiration partitioning in conventional till and no-till rainfed canola

Agricultural Water Management ◽

10.1016/j.agwat.2021.106825 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 250 ◽

pp. 106825

Author(s):

Pradeep Wagle ◽

Prasanna H. Gowda ◽

Brian K. Northup ◽

James P.S. Neel

Keyword(s):

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

No Till ◽

Ecosystem Level ◽

Use Efficiency ◽

Evapotranspiration Partitioning

Download Full-text

WATER USE EFFICIENCY, GROWTH AND YIELD OF WHEAT CULTIVATED UNDER COMPETITION WITH Setaria

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582015000400006 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 679-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

M.Z. IHSAN ◽

F.S. EL-NAKHLAWY ◽

S.M. ISMAIL

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Water Use Efficiency ◽

Water Use ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Wheat Yield ◽

Negative Association ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Wheat Production ◽

Use Efficiency

ABSTRACT Understanding the critical period of weed competition is indispensable in the development of an effective weed management program in field crops. Current experiment was planned to evaluate the critical growth period ofSetaria and level of yield losses associated with delay in weeding in rain-fed drip irrigated wheat production system of Saudi Arabia. Field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of weeding interval (07-21, 14-28, 21-35, 28-42 and 35-49 days after sowing) and drought stress (75% and 50% of field capacity) on Setaria growth, wheat yield and water use efficiency. Season long weedy check and wellwatered (100% FC) plots were also maintained for comparison. Weeding interval and drought stress significantly (p ≤ 0.05) affected the growth and yield of Setaria and wheat. Drought stress from 75% to 50% FC resulted in reductions of 29-40% in Setaria height, 14-27% in Setaria density and 11-26% in Setaria dry biomass. All weeding intervals except 35-49 DAS significantly suppressedSetaria growth as compared with control. Delay in weeding increased weed-crop competition interval and reduced wheat yield and yield contributors. Therefore, the lowest yield of 1836 kg ha-1 was attained for weeding interval of 35-49 DAS at 50% FC. Water use efficiency and harvest index increased with decreasing FC levels but reduced with delay in weeding. Correlation analysis predicted negative association ofSetariadensity with wheat yield and yield contributors and the highest negative association was for harvest index (-0.913) and water use efficiency (-0.614). Early management of Setaria is imperative for successful wheat production otherwise yield losses are beyond economical limits.

Download Full-text