scholarly journals Effects of multiple stressors on northern leopard frogs in agricultural wetlands

Parasitology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-35
Author(s):  
David J. Marcogliese ◽  
Kayla C. King ◽  
Kieran A. Bates
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Stressors ◽  
Agricultural Wetlands ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs

Oncogenesis and the Lucké Virus

1968 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 200-201
Author(s):  
A. E. Vatter ◽  
J. Zambernard
Keyword(s):  
Rna Viruses ◽  
Vegetative State ◽  
Temperature Sensitive ◽  
Structural Level ◽  
Oncogenic Viruses ◽  
Dna Viruses ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Renal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs

Oncogenic viruses, like viruses in general, can be divided into two classes, those that contain deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and those that contain ribonucleic acid (RNA). The RNA viruses have been recovered readily from the tumors which they cause whereas, the DNA-virus induced tumors have not yielded the virus. Since DNA viruses cannot be recovered, the bulk of present day investigations have been concerned with RNA viruses.The Lucké renal adenocarcinoma is a spontaneous tumor which occurs in northern leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) and has received increased attention in recent years because of its probable viral etiology. This hypothesis was first advanced by Lucké after he observed intranuclear inclusions in some of the tumor cells. Tumors with inclusions were examined at the fine structural level by Fawcett who showed that they contained immature and mature virus˗like particles.The use of this system in the study of oncogenic tumors offers several unique features, the virus has been shown to contain DNA and it can be recovered from the tumor, also, it is temperature sensitive. This latter feature is of importance because the virus can be transformed from a latent to a vegetative state by lowering or elevating the environmental temperature.

scholarly journals Effect of glucocorticoids on expression of cutaneous antimicrobial peptides in northern leopard frogs (Lithobates pipiens)

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laetitia Tatiersky ◽  
Louise A. Rollins-Smith ◽  
Ray Lu ◽  
Claire Jardine ◽  
Ian K. Barker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Peptides ◽  
Lithobates Pipiens ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs

Development and Survivorship of Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana pipiens) and Green Frogs (Rana clamitans) Exposed to Contaminants in the Water and Sediments of the St. Lawrence River near Cornwall, Ontario

2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tana V. McDaniel ◽  
Megan L. Harris ◽  
Christine A. Bishop ◽  
John Struger
Keyword(s):  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sediment Quality ◽  
Leopard Frog ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Aquatic Life ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs ◽  
St Lawrence River

Abstract High levels of contamination in the aquatic environment and wildlife within the Ontario portion of the St. Lawrence River at the Cornwall Area of Concern (AOC) have raised questions about potential impacts on wildlife health. Northern leopard frog embryos were raised in two wetland sites within the AOC and at two reference sites to assess differences in water and sediment quality on survivorship and deformity rates. Chlorinated hydrocarbons (total polychlorinated biphenyls, organochlorine pesticides), polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, nutrients and heavy metals were measured in sediment and/or water from the study sites. Levels of some metals such as aluminium, cadmium, chromium and copper, exceeded federal and provincial guidelines for the protection of aquatic life, especially in the two AOC wetlands. Early stage tadpole survivorship was significantly lower and deformity frequency significantly higher at wetlands within the AOC; however, differences were likely not biologically significant. Survivorship and deformity rates of leopard frogs (Rana pipiens) at metamorphosis did not differ significantly among sites. Onset of metamorphosis was accelerated in tadpoles raised in wetlands within the AOC. Tadpoles raised in wetlands within the St. Lawrence River AOC took significantly less time to complete metamorphosis (53–55 days) than did tadpoles raised at reference sites (61–64 days). The phenology of metamorphosis was also more synchronous in tadpoles raised in the AOC, with all tadpoles reaching metamorphosis within a space of 3 to 7 days, as compared to 9 to 12 days at reference wetlands; these differences could not be accounted for by water temperature. Differences in development and survivorship rates between AOC and reference sites may be related to contaminant concentrations in water and sediment. However, no strong evidence for beneficial use impairment in terms of reproductive impairments or elevated deformity rates were seen from caged leopard frogs in the two AOC wetlands.

Investigation of Malformed Northern Leopard Frogs in Minnesota

2018 ◽  
pp. 288-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judy Helgen ◽  
Robert G. McKinnell ◽  
Mark C. Gernes
Keyword(s):  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs

Nematode parasites and leukocyte profiles of Northern Leopard Frogs, Rana pipiens: location, location, location

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Shutler ◽  
Andrée D. Gendron ◽  
Myriam Rondeau ◽  
David J. Marcogliese
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Rana Pipiens ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Nematode Species ◽  
Agricultural Pesticides ◽  
Leopard Frogs ◽  
Nematode Parasites ◽  
Northern Leopard Frogs ◽  
Host Parasite ◽  
Leukocyte Profiles

Globally, amphibians face a variety of anthropogenic stresses that include exposure to contaminants such as agricultural pesticides. Pesticides may negatively affect amphibian immune systems, concomitantly increasing susceptibility to parasitism. We quantified nematodes and evaluated leukocyte profiles of Northern Leopard Frogs (Rana pipiens Schreber, 1782) collected from five wetlands in southwestern Quebec, Canada, that spanned a gradient of pesticide exposure. Three taxa of nematode parasites (Rhabdias ranae Walton, 1929, genus Oswaldocruzia Travassos, 1917, and genus Strongyloides Grassi, 1879) were sufficiently numerous for detailed evaluation. When all frogs were pooled, frog size was negatively correlated with nematode species richness, abundances of each of the three nematode species, and densities of three different leukocytes. When all frogs were pooled, there was strong evidence of both negative and positive associations between pairs of parasite species. However, none of the previous relationships was significant within wetlands. Our results reveal strong spatial organization of amphibian–parasite communities and illustrate the importance of controlling for sampling locale in evaluating host–parasite associations. Finally, although several response variables varied significantly among wetlands, causes of this variation did not appear to be related to variation in nematode parasitism or pesticide exposure.

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