A note on 20-species lists

Since our paper on the efficiency and biases of 20-species lists (Poulsen et al. 1997) went to press we have recognized a further two biases in the method, after discussions with C. Rahbek. We remarked in our paper that the abundance curves were behaving rather strangely and that “the importance of these phenomena needs to be investigated in more detail”. The behaviour may be due to the method setting constraints on the highest possible frequency, namely the number of times a species occurs in 20-species lists. This could affect the calculation of the expected abundances and hence the a-index. Another bias must be the indirect way of determining the relative abundances, ignoring the true number of individuals. A species with many individuals will be given the same relative abundance as a species with very few individuals if both species occur in the same number of 20-species lists. We do not know the importance of these constraints but recommend that the method is not used until the results of a current computer modelling study examining its efficiency (S. Herzog and M. Kessler pers. comm.) are known.

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The expression of number in Jamaican Creole

Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages ◽

10.1075/jpcl.26.2.05ste ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 363-385 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Michele M. Stewart

Keyword(s):

Functional Structure ◽

Syntactic Analysis ◽

True Number ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Jamaican Creole ◽

Expected Outcomes

In this paper I argue that there is no true number morphology in Jamaican Creole (JC). Instead, I show that dem, traditionally taken to be a plural marker, is more properly analyzed as a marker of inclusiveness, a defining characteristic of definiteness. These are expected outcomes of JC being in the class of languages which are claimed to have set nouns, i.e. nouns which, when combined with a numeral X, refer to an X-numbered set of individuals rather than to X number of individuals (Rijkhoff 2004). Since JC does not mark plurality in the same way as its lexifier English, individuation and number in JC cannot be analysed in the same way as is done for English. The proposal for a syntactic analysis of number in JC, given the above, is that functional structure above the NP provides for optional individuation via Cl(assifier)Phrase, and additionally for optional number specification, via Num(ber)Phrase.

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Effects of antiarrythmic drug lidocaine on ventricular electrical activity. a computer modelling study

Computers in Cardiology, 2005 ◽

10.1109/cic.2005.1588250 ◽

2005 ◽

Author(s):

K. Cardona ◽

J. Saiz ◽

M. Monserrat ◽

J.M. Ferrero ◽

G. Molto

Keyword(s):

Electrical Activity ◽

Computer Modelling ◽

Modelling Study

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Use of stereo baited remote underwater video systems to estimate the presence and size of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias)

Marine and Freshwater Research ◽

10.1071/mf16184 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 68 (7) ◽

pp. 1391 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

D. Harasti ◽

K. A. Lee ◽

R. Laird ◽

R. Bradford ◽

B. Bruce

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Fish Assemblages ◽

New South ◽

Underwater Video ◽

Carcharodon Carcharias ◽

South Wales ◽

Video Systems ◽

Near Shore ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Non Destructive

Stereo baited remote underwater video systems (stereo-BRUVs) are commonly used to assess fish assemblages and, more recently, to record the localised abundance and size of sharks. The present study investigated the occurrence and size of white sharks (Carcharodon carcharias) in the near-shore environment off Bennett’s Beach, part of a known nursery area for the species in central New South Wales, Australia. Six stereo-BRUV units were deployed approximately fortnightly between August and December 2015 for periods of 5h in depths of 7–14m. Stereo-BRUVs successfully recorded 34 separate sightings of 22 individual white sharks. The highest number of individuals detected during a single day survey was eight. All C. carcharias observed on stereo-BRUVs were juveniles ranging in size from 1.50 to 2.46-m total length (mean±s.e., 1.91±0.05m; n=22). The time to first appearance ranged from 15 to 299min (mean±s.e., 148±15min). This study demonstrates that the use of stereo-BRUVs is a viable, non-destructive method to obtain estimates of the size and presence of white sharks, and may be useful in estimating relative abundance in near-shore environments where white sharks are known to frequent.

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Helicobacter pylori eradication with bismuth quadruple therapy leads to dysbiosis of gut microbiota with an increased relative abundance of Proteobacteria and decreased relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Actinobacteria

Helicobacter ◽

10.1111/hel.12498 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. e12498 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Ping-I Hsu ◽

Chao-Yu Pan ◽

John Y. Kao ◽

Feng-Woei Tsay ◽

Nan-Jing Peng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Helicobacter Pylori ◽

Gut Microbiota ◽

Relative Abundance ◽

Helicobacter Pylori Eradication ◽

Quadruple Therapy ◽

Relative Abundances

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Another look at confidence limits for species proportions

Journal of Paleontology ◽

10.1017/s002233600001903x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 64 (5) ◽

pp. 842-843 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Martin A. Buzas

Keyword(s):

Relative Abundance ◽

Binomial Distribution ◽

Confidence Limits ◽

Species Frequency ◽

Fractional Abundance ◽

Number Of Individuals ◽

Species Proportions ◽

Percentage Abundance

In paleontological investigations the number of individuals of a particular species, ni, is often expressed as a proportion of the total number of individuals, ∑i=1S ni = n, for all, S, species. This proportion, p = ni/n expressed in percent, is referred to by various authors as percent species, relative abundance, percentage abundance, species frequency, fractional abundance, and so on. Naturally, researchers are interested in the confidence limits that can be placed on these estimates, and in the number of individuals required to obtain them. The binomial distribution was used by Dryden (1931), Dennison and Hay (1967), Wright and Hay (1971), and Patterson and Fishbein (1989) for this purpose.

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