Polarographic determination of lead hydroxide formation constants at low ionic strength

1978 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 1406-1410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carol J. Lind
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Lead Hydroxide ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

scholarly journals Use of an ion-selective electrode for free copper measurements in low salinity and low ionic strength matrices

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Rachou ◽  
Christian Gagnon ◽  
Sébastien Sauvé
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Ion Selective Electrode ◽  
Metal Species ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Operational Parameters ◽  
Selective Electrode ◽  
Time Saving ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

Environmental context. The toxicity of metals in the environment is controlled by several parameters including total metal concentration, pH and organic and inorganic ligands (type and concentration). The characterisation of different metal pools in natural matrices (e.g. seawater, soil) is important for the evaluation of their toxic impact. The copper ion-selective electrode (Cu-ISE) is a method of choice for the analytical determination of the speciation (i.e. chemical forms) of divalent copper in natural matrices. This paper clarifies several operational parameters in the hope of decreasing variability of results and increasing the application domain of the Cu-ISE. Abstract. The determination of free copper concentrations in natural matrices is critical for the evaluation of copper toxicity. The ISE is one of the few analytical means for determining the direct speciation of free metal species. We have refined the method for low salinity and low ionic strength solutions for application with soil water extracts or fresh waters. Moreover, we have detailed and standardised a method for using a Cu-ISE with an autotitrator. The standardisation shows a good response and allows significant time saving (under 2 h for the calibration). The results obtained using the ISE are compared with those predicted in the presence of different organic ligands or even the lower free Cu2+ activities resulting from the formation of Cu hydroxyl species. The method was validated for the determination of Cu speciation at environmentally relevant free Cu2+ activity, i.e. ranging between 10−14 to 10−4 M. The chemical equilibrium calculations were made using the MINEQL+ software and the results agree well for pH values between 3 and 10. In terms of precision, the standard deviations of the measured values never exceed 0.1 units, and in terms of accuracy, the measured values were very close to the nominal values, within a range of 0.1. Outside the optimal pH range, the electrode yields higher activity than expected.

Polarographic determination of metal-bilirubin formation constants. Comments

1975 ◽  
Vol 47 (9) ◽  
pp. 1717-1718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D. Ryan
Keyword(s):  
Formation Constants ◽  
Polarographic Determination

Determination of electroosmotic and electrophoretic mobility of DNA and dyes in low ionic strength solutions

2017 ◽  
Vol 39 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 862-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Lallman ◽  
Rachel Flaugh ◽  
Kristy L. Kounovsky-Shafer
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Electrophoretic Mobility ◽  
Low Ionic Strength

Polarographic Determination of Formation Constants of Complex Ions in Fused LiNO3-KNO3

1960 ◽  
Vol 82 (8) ◽  
pp. 1841-1844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe H. Christie ◽  
Robert A. Osteryoung
Keyword(s):  
Formation Constants ◽  
Polarographic Determination ◽  
Complex Ions

scholarly journals Study of Complex Formation Between Iodoquinol (IQ) and Co2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+and Zn2+Cations in Binary Aqueous / Non-aqueous Solvent Using Spectrophotometry

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 581-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Nezhadali ◽  
H. A. Hosseini ◽  
P. Langara
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Strength ◽  
Complex Formation ◽  
Stability Constants ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Formation Constants ◽  
The Other ◽  
Aqueous Solvent ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Complexation Reactions

The complexation reactions between iodoquinol and Co2+, Mn2+, Cd2+, Pb2+and Zn2+cations were studied in different DMF/H2O binary mixtures at the ionic strength of 0.1(using NaNO3).The spectrophotometric method was used for the determination of formation constants and the stoichiometries. The stoichiometry of the complexes is established 1:1 by Job's and mole ratio methods. It was found that the stability constants of the complex formed between the ligand (IQ) and the cations in the all cases increase with increasing of the non-aqueous solvent. In the most cases the maximum formation constants between Zn2+ion and IQ were obtained respect to the other cations.

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