Re-evaluation of the Thermodynamic Activity Quantities in Aqueous Solutions of Silver Nitrate, Alkali Metal Fluorides and Nitrites, and Dihydrogen Phosphate, Dihydrogen Arsenate, and Thiocyanate Salts with Sodium and Potassium Ions at 25 °C

2011 ◽  
Vol 56 (5) ◽  
pp. 2044-2062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaakko I. Partanen
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Thermodynamic Activity ◽  
Dihydrogen Phosphate ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Metal Fluorides ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

Fluorescence sensitization of gold-glutathione nanoclusters by aqueous solutions of sodium and potassium ions

2015 ◽  
Vol 182 (9-10) ◽  
pp. 1591-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Antonia Escudero Francos ◽  
Rosana Badía-Laíño ◽  
Marta Elena Díaz-García
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Fluorescence Sensitization ◽  
Sodium And Potassium

18O/16O and D/H Isotopic Preference in Hydration Spheres of Alkali Metal Ions

2011 ◽  
Vol 66 (8-9) ◽  
pp. 569-575 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takao Oi
Keyword(s):  
Partition Function ◽  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Bulk Water ◽  
Alkali Metal Ions ◽  
Water Molecules ◽  
Molecular Orbital Calculations ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Hydration Sphere ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Model Water

Abstract With the final goal set at theoretical elucidation of experimentally observed isotope salt effects, molecular orbital calculations were performed to estimate the 18O/16O and D/H isotopic reduced partition function ratios (RPFRs) of water molecules around lithium, sodium, and potassium ions. As model water molecules in the ith hydration sphere of the cation in aqueous solutions containing that cation, we considered water molecules in the ith hydration sphere that were surrounded by water molecules in the (i+1)th hydration sphere in clusters, M+(H2O)n (M = Li, Na or K; n up to 100). The calculations indicated that the decreasing order of the 18 O preference over 16 O in the primary hydration sphere is: Li+ > (bulk water) ≥ Na+ > K+. That is, water molecules in the primary hydration spheres of the Li+, Na+, and K+ ions are, respectively, enriched, slightly depleted, and depleted in the heavier isotope of oxygen relative to water molecules in bulk. No such preference was observed for hydrogen isotopes in any hydration sphere or for oxygen isotopes in the secondary and outer hydration spheres.

Interaction of Sodium and Potassium Ions with κ- and λ-Carrageenan in Aqueous Solutions with and without Added Salt

1969 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 432-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Podlas ◽  
Paul Ander
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Added Salt

scholarly journals CONSTANTS OF ELECTROLYTIC DISSOCIATION OF THE LITHIUM, SODIUM AND POTASSIUM SULFATES IN AQUEOUS ISOPROPANOL SOLUTIONS

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 16-22
Author(s):  
Ivan M. Borisov ◽  
Azamdzhon A. Nabiev
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metal ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Dissociation Constant ◽  
Salt Concentration ◽  
Volume Content ◽  
Molar Conductivity ◽  
Electrolytic Dissociation ◽  
Weak Electrolytes ◽  
Sodium And Potassium ◽  
Aqueous Isopropanol

At introduction of isopropyl alcohol in saturated aqueous solutions of sulfates of lithium, sodium and potassium at 25 °C physico-chemical properties of the studied systems Li2SO4-H2O-C3H7OH, Na2SO4-H2O-C3H7OH and K2SO4-H2O-C3H7OH are changed. This reduces the density of solutions and salt content in aqueous isopropanol solutions due to a decrease in solubility of salts. It is shown that the variation of the volume content of alcohol from 0% to 90% results in the decrease of Li2SO4 solubility 1280 times, Na2SO4 – 548 times, K2SO4 – in 278 times. Alcohol additives also affect the degree of electrolytic dissociation of salt in aqueous isopropanol solutions. To study the electrochemical properties of salts we used conductometric method based on the measurement of the molar conductivity of solutions depending on salt concentration. In aqueous solutions, alkali metal sulfates exhibit the properties of strong electrolytes and almost completely dissociate into ions. When the volume content of isopropanol in the solution is more than 30%, alkali metal sulfates begin to show the properties of weak electrolytes, as evidenced by the correlation of the molar conductivity of the diluted solution with the salt concentration under the equation describing the state of weak electrolytes. From the transformations of experimental data in the coordinates of this equation, the values of the electrolytic dissociation constants of the studied salts were determined, which vary (8.30 ± 0.01)·10-5 to (4,35 ± 0,01)·10-8 (mol/l)2 when varying the alcohol content from 30 to 90% volume. It is shown that isopropanol additives reduce the constant (and hence the degree) of electrolytic dissociation of alkali metal sulfates: the higher the alcohol concentration in the solution, the weaker the salt becomes as an electrolyte. The value of the electrolytic dissociation constant depends on the nature of the salt: with an increase in the size of the sulfate cation, the electrolytic dissociation constant decreases.

scholarly journals Currents carried by sodium and potassium ions through the membrane of the giant axon of Loligo

1952 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 449-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. L. Hodgkin ◽  
A. F. Huxley
Keyword(s):  
Giant Axon ◽  
Potassium Ions ◽  
Sodium And Potassium
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