Surface water and energy budgets in the NCEP regional spectral model

2000 ◽  
Vol 105 (D24) ◽  
pp. 29539-29550 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Roads ◽  
S.-C. Chen
2007 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 642-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. B. Nunes ◽  
John O. Roads

Abstract Initialization of the moisture profiles has been used to overcome the imbalance between analysis schemes and prediction models that generates the so-called spinup problem seen in the hydrological fields. Here precipitation assimilation through moisture adjustment has been proposed as a technique to reduce this problem in regional climate simulations by adjusting the specific humidity according to 3-hourly North American Regional Reanalysis rain rates during two simulated years: 1988 and 1993. A control regional simulation provided the initial condition fields for both simulations. The precipitation assimilation simulation was then compared to the control regional climate simulation, reanalyses, and observations to determine whether assimilation of precipitation had a positive influence on modeled surface water and energy budget terms. In general, rainfall assimilation improved the regional model surface water and energy budget terms over the conterminous United States. Precipitation and runoff correlated better than the control and the global reanalysis fields to the regional reanalysis and available observations. Upward shortwave and downward short- and longwave radiation fluxes had regional seasonal cycles closer to the observed values than the control, and the near-surface temperature anomalies were also improved.


2004 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 1887-1902 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Roads

Since 27 September 1997, the Scripps Experimental Climate Prediction Center (ECPC) has been making near real-time experimental global and regional dynamical forecasts with the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) global spectral model (GSM) and the corresponding regional spectral model (RSM), which is based on the GSM, but which provides higher-resolution simulations and forecasts for limited regions. The global and regional forecast skill of the GSM was previously described in several papers. The purpose of this paper is to describe the RSM-based U.S. regional forecast system, various biases and errors in these regional U.S. forecasts, as well as the significant skill of the of temperature, precipitation, soil moisture, relative humidity, wind speed, and planetary boundary layer height forecasts at weekly to seasonal time scales. The skill of these RSM forecasts is comparable to the skill of the GSM forecasts.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 385-393
Author(s):  
José Brabo Alves ◽  
Emerson Mariano da Silva ◽  
Cláudia Patrícia Rickes

A região semiárida do Nordeste do Brasil (NEB) é conhecida por ser uma região extremamente oscilante do ponto de vista climático, devido à variabilidade temporal e espacial da precipitação. O objetivo desse estudo foi analisar a variabilidade intrassazonal e interanual das precipitações, através de veranicos, no Estado do Ceará. Esse comportamento é influenciado diretamente pela Temperatura da Superfície do Mar (TSM) dos oceanos Pacífico e Atlântico. O Regional Spectral Model RSM97, associado com a técnica de downscaling dinâmico, para quantificar as variações usando eventos de veranicos (dias consecutivos com precipitações abaixo de 2 mm que se sucedem durante a estação chuvosa do Estado), no período de 1974 a 2012, através de dados diários de precipitação da FUNCEME, de simulações de modelo numérico atmosférico e das anomalias de TSM (fases do ENOS). Os resultados foram apresentados em duas etapas, primeiro modo diagnóstico (com anomalias de TSM observadas de 1974 a 2000) e o segundo modo prognóstico (com anomalias de TSM persistidas de 2002 a 2012. Conclui-se que o uso do modelo RSM97, na previsão de períodos de estiagem durante a quadra chuva, tem algum potencial, em grande parte dos resultados o modelo subestimou o número de veranicos em relação aos observados, porém representou o sinal das observações dos eventos o que indica que suas características físicas influenciaram em quantificar a precipitação e sua distribuição espacial no Estado.


2003 ◽  
Vol 131 (8) ◽  
pp. 1832-1847 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hann-Ming Henry Juang ◽  
Chih-Hui Shiao ◽  
Ming-Dean Cheng

Abstract A regional spectral model (RSM) is developed at the Taiwan Central Weather Bureau (CWB). It is based on the same model structure, dynamics, and physics of the CWB global spectral model (GSM) and the perturbation concept of the National Centers for Environmental Prediction (NCEP) RSM for lateral boundary treatment. The advantages of this new regional model include minimization of possible inconsistency between GSM and RSM through lateral boundary influence and reduction of resources used to manage and maintain the model. One-dimensional decomposition is utilized to slice the model into subdomains to run on a massive parallel-processor machine. The Message-Passing Interface (MPI) is adopted to communicate among each subdomain. The computational dependency, such as the summation in spectral transformation, is a restriction for the decomposition, so that the reproducibility using different numbers of processors is achieved. The performance in terms of wall-clock time follows the theoretical curve of parallelization. It can reach 95% parallelization by “homemade” PC Linux cluster, and 90% by CWB Fujitsu VPP5000. One case is selected to perform 2-month integration in a simulation mode and a forecast mode. The results indicate a reasonable monsoon frontal evolution as compared with analysis, and it has similar or less root-mean-square error (rmse) as compared to that of CWB GSM. The same run with NCEP RSM nested into CWB GSM shows a larger rmse than CWB RSM; it demonstrates the advantage of having the same model structure, dynamics, and physics between CWB GSM and CWB RSM.


1999 ◽  
Vol 104 (D16) ◽  
pp. 19307-19327 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. O. Roads ◽  
S.-C. Chen ◽  
M. Kanamitsu ◽  
H. Juang

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