Effect of Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature in May on Intraseasonal Variability of Eurasian NDVI in Summer

Abstract Sea surface temperature (SST) variability at intraseasonal time scales across the Indonesian Seas during January 1998–mid-2012 is examined. The intraseasonal variability is most energetic in the Banda and Timor Seas, with a standard deviation of 0.4°–0.5°C, representing 55%–60% of total nonseasonal SST variance. A slab ocean model demonstrates that intraseasonal air–sea heat flux variability, largely attributed to the Madden–Julian oscillation (MJO), accounts for 69%–78% intraseasonal SST variability in the Banda and Timor Seas. While the slab ocean model accurately reproduces the observed intraseasonal SST variations during the northern winter months, it underestimates the summer variability. The authors posit that this is a consequence of a more vigorous cooling effect induced by ocean processes during the summer. Two strong MJO cycles occurred in late 2007–early 2008, and their imprints were clearly evident in the SST of the Banda and Timor Seas. The passive phase of the MJO [enhanced outgoing longwave radiation (OLR) and weak zonal wind stress) projects on SST as a warming period, while the active phase (suppressed OLR and westerly wind bursts) projects on SST as a cooling phase. SST also displays significant intraseasonal variations in the Sulawesi Sea, but these differ in characteristics from those of the Banda and Timor Seas and are attributed to ocean eddies and atmospheric processes independent from the MJO.

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Intraseasonal Variability of Surface Fluxes and Sea Surface Temperature in the Tropical Western Pacific and Indian Oceans

Journal of Climate ◽

10.1175/1520-0442(1998)011<1685:ivosfa>2.0.co;2 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 11 (7) ◽

pp. 1685-1702 ◽

Cited By ~ 200

Author(s):

Toshiaki Shinoda ◽

Harry H. Hendon ◽

John Glick

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Intraseasonal Variability ◽

Surface Fluxes ◽

Western Pacific ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Tropical Western Pacific

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Interannual Sea Surface Temperature Variability and the Predictability of Tropical Intraseasonal Variability

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences ◽

10.1175/1520-0469(2001)058<2596:isstva>2.0.co;2 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 58 (17) ◽

pp. 2596-2615 ◽

Cited By ~ 25

Author(s):

Duane E. Waliser ◽

Zhenzhou Zhang ◽

K. M. Lau ◽

Jae-Hoon Kim

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Intraseasonal Variability ◽

Temperature Variability ◽

Sea Surface

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A Study of CINDY/DYNAMO MJO Suppressed Phase

Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences ◽

10.1175/jas-d-13-0348.1 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 72 (10) ◽

pp. 3755-3779 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Sue Chen ◽

Maria Flatau ◽

Tommy G. Jensen ◽

Toshiaki Shinoda ◽

Jerome Schmidt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Surface Temperature ◽

Sea Surface Temperature ◽

Intraseasonal Variability ◽

Precipitable Water ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Diurnal Variability ◽

Oscillatory Pattern ◽

Tightly Coupled ◽

Moisture Increase

Abstract The diurnal variability and the environmental conditions that support the moisture resurgence of MJO events observed during the Cooperative Indian Ocean Experiment on Intraseasonal Variability (CINDY)/DYNAMO campaign in October–December 2011 are investigated using in situ observations and the cloud-resolving fully air–ocean–wave Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Mesoscale Prediction System (COAMPS). Spectral density and wavelet analysis of the total precipitable water (TPW) constructed from the DYNAMO soundings and TRMM satellite precipitation reveal a deep layer of vapor resurgence during the observed Wheeler and Hendon real-time multivariate MJO index phases 5–8 (MJO suppressed phase), which include diurnal, quasi-2-, quasi-3–4-, quasi-6–8-, and quasi-16-day oscillations. A similar oscillatory pattern is found in the DYNAMO moorings sea surface temperature analysis, suggesting a tightly coupled atmosphere and ocean system during these periods. COAMPS hindcast focused on the 12–16 November 2011 event suggests that both the diurnal sea surface temperature (SST) pumping and horizontal and vertical moisture transport associated with the westward propagating mixed Rossby–Gravity (MRG) waves play an essential role in the moisture resurgence during this period. Idealized COAMPS simulations of MRG waves are used to estimate the MRG and diurnal SST contributions to the overall moisture increase. These idealized MRG sensitivity experiments showed the TPW increase varies from 9% to 13% with the largest changes occurring in the simulations that included a diurnal SST variation of 2.5°C as observed.

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