New Evidence for 4.32 Ga Ancient Silicic Volcanism on the Moon

The Beginnings of Teotihuacán

American Antiquity ◽

10.2307/277155 ◽

1960 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 1-10 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

René Millon

Keyword(s):

Social Integration ◽

Large Scale ◽

Good Evidence ◽

The Sun ◽

The Moon ◽

New Evidence ◽

The City

AbstractThe problem of the age of the pyramids of the Sun and Moon at Teotihuacán is considered in the light of evidence from an extensive and hitherto unreported Tzacualli or Teotihuacán I occupation to the northwest of the Pyramid of the Moon. Material from a small excavation in this new zone is commented upon briefly. Previous analyses of the age of the pyramids are discussed in the context of the new evidence, the conclusion being that the Pyramid of the Sun and probably also the Pyramid of the Moon were built in the earliest phase of the occupation of Teotihuacán rather than later as commonly assumed. The relationships of the Tzacualli phase to other sites in the Valley of Mexico are discussed and it is concluded that the pyramids were probably built in about the last century before Christ or earlier. Since the building of these enormous pyramids implies a relatively complex level of social integration, this new level must have come into being some several hundred years or more before the building of the pyramids unless a large-scale migration was involved. For this it is contended there is no good evidence. Linné's new chronological placement of Tlamimilolpa before Xolalpan rather than after is discussed. Comments are made on the significance of this reversal of chronology for the growth of the city and for the expansion of its “influence” to other parts of Mesoamerica.

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Shifting Perceptions: Spatial Order, Cosmology, and Patterns of Deposition at Stonehenge

Cambridge Archaeological Journal ◽

10.1017/s095977430100004x ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 69-90 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Joshua Pollard ◽

Clive Ruggles

Keyword(s):

Ritual Practice ◽

The Moon ◽

Spatial Order ◽

Subtle Change ◽

Third Millennium ◽

New Evidence ◽

The Universe

The changing cosmological symbolism incorporated in Phases 1 and 2 at Stonehenge is reviewed in the light of new evidence from patterns of deposition prior to the construction of the bluestone and sarsen stone settings. The early structure of the monument and attendant depositional practices embodied a scheme of radial division, including a symbolic quartering primarily demarcated by solstitial rising and setting points. Through sustained ritual practice, however, the motions of the moon came increasingly to be referenced through deposition, particularly of cremations. This evidence seems to contradict earlier claims of a sudden shift in and around Wessex during the mid-third millennium BC from a predominantly lunar to a predominantly solar cosmology. It suggests instead that interest in solar and lunar events did not necessarily preclude each other and that over the centuries there was a process of subtle change involving the continual reworking of symbolic schemes emphasizing a sense of ‘timelessness’ and the unchanging order of the universe.

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Priests of Ur in the Old Babylonian Period: a Reappraisal in Light of the 2017 Discoveries at Ur/Tell Muqayyar

Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions ◽

10.1163/15692124-12341302 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (1-2) ◽

pp. 18-34

Author(s):

Dominique Charpin

Keyword(s):

Specific Situation ◽

The Moon ◽

Old Babylonian ◽

New Evidence ◽

The City ◽

The Temple

Abstract Thirty-two years after the publication of Le Clergé d’Ur au siècle d’Hammurabi (1986), a reappraisal of the situation is made possible by collations of already known texts, and by new tablets provided by the resumption of excavations on the site of Tell Muqayyer. The question of the estate properties within the city of Ur will first be examined: generally, the members of the clergy owned the houses they inhabited, which were not the property of the temple of the Moon-god Nanna. Then the evidence about the specific situation of the purification priests devoted to the god Enki-of-Eridu will be studied: the older data are supplemented by new ones discovered in 2017 in a house occupied by a Babylonian general. Finally, the level of literacy of the clergy and the role they played in education will be examined; here again, the 2017 season provides new evidence thanks to the discovery of a house inhabited by an intendant of the temple of the goddess Ningal.

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