Energetic particle influences on NOy and ozone in the middle atmosphere

1993 ◽  
pp. 131-139 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles H. Jackman
Keyword(s):  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Middle Atmosphere

scholarly journals Possible effect of extreme solar energetic particle event of 20 January 2005 on polar stratospheric aerosols: direct observational evidence

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 769-778 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. A. Mironova ◽  
I. G. Usoskin ◽  
G. A. Kovaltsov ◽  
S. V. Petelina
Keyword(s):  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle ◽  
Cosmic Ray ◽  
Observational Evidence ◽  
Temporal Association ◽  
Polar Regions ◽  
Solar Energetic Particle Event ◽  
Stratospheric Aerosols

Abstract. Energetic cosmic rays are the main source of ionization of the low-middle atmosphere, leading to associated changes in atmospheric properties. Via the hypothetical influence of ionization on aerosol growth and facilitated formation of clouds, this may be an important indirect link relating solar variability to climate. This effect is highly debated, however, since the proposed theoretical mechanisms still remain illusive and qualitative, and observational evidence is inconclusive and controversial. Therefore, important questions regarding the existence and magnitude of the effect, and particularly the fraction of aerosol particles that can form and grow, are still open. Here we present empirical evidence of the possible effect caused by cosmic rays upon polar stratospheric aerosols, based on a case study of an extreme solar energetic particle (SEP) event of 20 January 2005. Using aerosol data obtained over polar regions from different satellites with optical instruments that were operating during January 2005, such as the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment III (SAGE III), and Optical Spectrograph and Infrared Imaging System (OSIRIS), we found a significant simultaneous change in aerosol properties in both the Southern and Northern Polar regions in temporal association with the SEP event. We speculate that ionization of the atmosphere, which was abnormally high in the lower stratosphere during the extreme SEP event, might have led to formation of new particles and/or growth of preexisting ultrafine particles in the polar stratospheric region. However, a detailed interpretation of the effect is left for subsequent studies. This is the first time high vertical resolution measurements have been used to discuss possible production of stratospheric aerosols under the influence of cosmic ray induced ionization. The observed effect is marginally detectable for the analyzed severe SEP event and can be undetectable for the majority of weak-moderate events. The present interpretation serves as a conservative upper limit of solar energetic particle effect upon polar stratospheric aerosols.

scholarly journals Energetic particle precipitation into the middle atmosphere triggered by a coronal mass ejection

2007 ◽  
Vol 112 (A12) ◽  
pp. n/a-n/a ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark A. Clilverd ◽  
Craig J. Rodger ◽  
Robyn M. Millan ◽  
John G. Sample ◽  
Michael Kokorowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronal Mass Ejection ◽  
Energetic Particle ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Particle Precipitation ◽  
Energetic Particle Precipitation ◽  
Mass Ejection

GISS Model E2.2: A Climate Model Optimized for the Middle Atmosphere—2. Validation of Large‐Scale Transport and Evaluation of Climate Response

2020 ◽  
Vol 125 (24) ◽  
Author(s):  
Clara Orbe ◽  
David Rind ◽  
Jeffrey Jonas ◽  
Larissa Nazarenko ◽  
Greg Faluvegi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Climate Model ◽  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Climate Response

Far-infrared radiometer to map OH in the middle atmosphere

1985 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. NOLT ◽  
J. RADOSTITZ ◽  
K.V. CHANCE ◽  
W. TRAUB ◽  
P. ADE
Keyword(s):  
Middle Atmosphere ◽  
Far Infrared ◽  
Infrared Radiometer
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