scholarly journals Prospective memory in an air traffic control simulation: External aids that signal when to act.

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 60-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayne Loft ◽  
Rebekah E. Smith ◽  
Adella Bhaskara
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Control Simulation

Varying the Complexity of the Prospective Memory Decision Process in an Air Traffic Control Simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 219 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayne Loft ◽  
Ben Pearcy ◽  
Roger W. Remington
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Radar Tracking ◽  
Control Simulation ◽  
Control Dynamic ◽  
And Control ◽  
Multiple Display

Operators that monitor and control dynamic displays (air traffic control [ATC], naval radar tracking) sometimes fail to remember to perform deferred tasks. Such memory failures have been studied in the laboratory, but only recently applied to tasks such as ATC ( Loft & Remington, 2010 ; Loft, Finnerty, & Remington, 2011 ; Loft, Smith, & Bhaskara, 2011 ). In work domains such as ATC, operators must often consider multiple display features before determining an action. The current study examined the effect of varying the number of aircraft display features that individuals need to process for the prospective memory (PM) task. Participants made more PM errors, and were slower to make aircraft acceptance decisions and to detect conflicts, when the PM task required that target aircraft satisfied one of the two possible conditions, compared to only one possible condition. Directions for research are discussed that should continue to bridge the gap between PM in basic and applied settings.

scholarly journals Minimizing the disruptive effects of prospective memory in simulated air traffic control.

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 254-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shayne Loft ◽  
Rebekah E. Smith ◽  
Roger W. Remington
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic

scholarly journals Prospective Memory Performance in Simulated Air Traffic Control

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (8) ◽  
pp. 1249-1264
Author(s):  
Michael David Wilson ◽  
Luke Strickland ◽  
Simon Farrell ◽  
Troy A. W. Visser ◽  
Shayne Loft
Keyword(s):  
Retention Interval ◽  
Prospective Memory ◽  
Traffic Control ◽  
Air Traffic Control ◽  
Memory Performance ◽  
Air Traffic ◽  
Detection Accuracy ◽  
Memory Retention ◽  
Retention Intervals ◽  
Prospective Memory Performance

Objective To examine the effects of interruptions and retention interval on prospective memory for deferred tasks in simulated air traffic control. Background In many safety-critical environments, operators need to remember to perform a deferred task, which requires prospective memory. Laboratory experiments suggest that extended prospective memory retention intervals, and interruptions in those retention intervals, could impair prospective memory performance. Method Participants managed a simulated air traffic control sector. Participants were sometimes instructed to perform a deferred handoff task, requiring them to deviate from a routine procedure. We manipulated whether an interruption occurred during the prospective memory retention interval or not, the length of the retention interval (37–117 s), and the temporal proximity of the interruption to deferred task encoding and execution. We also measured performance on ongoing tasks. Results Increasing retention intervals (37–117 s) decreased the probability of remembering to perform the deferred task. Costs to ongoing conflict detection accuracy and routine handoff speed were observed when a prospective memory intention had to be maintained. Interruptions did not affect individuals’ speed or accuracy on the deferred task. Conclusion Longer retention intervals increase risk of prospective memory error and of ongoing task performance being impaired by cognitive load; however, prospective memory can be robust to effects of interruptions when the task environment provides cuing and offloading. Application To support operators in performing complex and dynamic tasks, prospective memory demands should be reduced, and the retention interval of deferred tasks should be kept as short as possible.

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