The constant-ratio rule and visual displays.

1961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton H. Hodge ◽  
Morris J. Crawford ◽  
Mary L. Piercy
Keyword(s):  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Visual Displays ◽  
Ratio Rule

scholarly journals Evaluation of the constant ratio rule for consonant confusions

1987 ◽  
Vol 81 (S1) ◽  
pp. S3-S3
Author(s):  
Theodore S. Bell ◽  
Donald D. Dirks ◽  
Gail E. Kincaid
Keyword(s):  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Ratio Rule

Four-alternative choice violates the constant-ratio rule

2010 ◽  
Vol 84 (1) ◽  
pp. 381-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas Elliffe ◽  
Michael Davison
Keyword(s):  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Ratio Rule ◽  
Alternative Choice

scholarly journals Some further tests of the constant-ratio rule

1967 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milton H. Hodge
Keyword(s):  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Ratio Rule

Steady-state choice between four alternatives obeys the constant-ratio rule

2015 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joshua Bensemann ◽  
Brenda Lobb ◽  
Christopher A. Podlesnik ◽  
Douglas Elliffe
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Ratio Rule

scholarly journals Rational choice of social group size in mosquitofish

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20180693 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Reding ◽  
Molly E. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Rational Choice ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Social Group ◽  
Constant Ratio ◽  
Rational Decision Making ◽  
Relative Preference ◽  
Social Species ◽  
Choice Decision ◽  
Ratio Rule

Choice of social group can affect the likelihood of survivorship and reproduction for social species. By joining larger social groups—shoals—small freshwater fish like the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis can reduce predation risk and forage more efficiently. We tested shoal choice in mosquitofish to determine whether such choices are economically rational, i.e. consistent and optimal. Although many studies of decision-making assume rational choice, irrational decision-making is common and occurs across contexts. We tested rationality of shoaling decisions by testing the constant ratio rule, which states that the relative preference for two options should not change in the presence of a third option. Female mosquitofish upheld this rule when tested for shoal preference based on group size. Our results contrast with other studies showing violations of the constant ratio rule in foraging and mate choice decision-making contexts. These results suggest that decisions that immediately influence survivorship or decision-making along a single dimension may favour rational decision-making.

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