Treating Opportunistic Infections Among HIV-Exposed and Infected Children: Recommendations from CDC, the National Institutes of Health, and the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2004 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Hiv Exposed

scholarly journals Influence of Immunopreventable Diseases and AIDS on the Demand of an Infectious Diseases Department in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, in the Course of Thirty Years (1965-1994)

1998 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sérgio SETÚBAL ◽  
Walter TAVARES ◽  
Solange Artimos de OLIVEIRA
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Rio De Janeiro ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Demographic Trends ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
Endemic Diseases ◽  
All Diseases ◽  
Janeiro State

Brazil's nosologic profile has been sustaining profound modifications. Some occurred because of massive immunization campaigns and socioeconomic and demographic trends. Some yet were pure nosologic transitions, such as the emergence of AIDS. In this demand study it is described how these changes reflected on the 8,630 admissions of an Infectious Diseases Department in Niterói, along a thirty year period. Brazilian rural endemic diseases were infrequent (3.45%). Men predominated (62%) all the time, in all age strata and in nearly all diseases. Children under fifteen predominated until 1983. There was, in the case of tetanus, a striking rise in age strata. Institutional mortality dropped from 31% in 1965 to 10% in 1984, but rose since then to 15% in 1994. However, if AIDS patients had not been computed, mortality would have kept descending till 8% at the end of the study period. The crescent unimportance of immunopreventable diseases paralleled with the growing prominence of AIDS. In less than a decade, AIDS ranked fifth among the most frequent diseases in the whole period of thirty years. As opposed to the immunopreventable diseases, neither meningitides nor pneumonia appear to be in decline. AIDS, by its exponential incidence, by its chronic character, and by the uncountable opportunistic infections it determines, imposes itself as a challenge for the coming years.

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