scholarly journals Prevention and Treatment of Opportunistic Infections in HIV-Infected Adults and Adolescents: Updated Guidelines From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institutes of Health, and HIV Medicine Association of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

2014 ◽  
Vol 58 (9) ◽  
pp. 1308-1311 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Masur ◽  
J. T. Brooks ◽  
C. A. Benson ◽  
K. K. Holmes ◽  
A. K. Pau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

scholarly journals In The Matter Of The Virus That Causes Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19), SARS-COV-2: A Case Predicted By The Theory Of Chaos

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.Y. Lim Tung
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Virus Disease ◽  
The United States ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
National Institutes Of Health ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

The current Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic that is caused by the virus termed SARS-COV-2, started from an apparently innocuous isolated incident in an unknown place and time. However, in a very short time, the matter of COVID-19 has become a world-wide pandemic, affecting the well-being of billions of individuals, causing hundreds of thousands of severe illnesses, thousands of death (still counting and projected to increase dramatically), unnecessary strains on the world's economy (perhaps triggering another world economic recession if not an economic depression like the ones we have never seen), and most importantly needless fear and distrust in the ability of the leadership to deal with it. The matter of COVID-19 and SARS-COV-2 is a case that was predictable pursuant to the "Theory of Chaos". It is submitted that because the leadership of United States National Institutes of Health, the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are guilty of dereliction of duties, they must voluntarily resign from their positions that they have occupied for far too long, and that it is high time that the United States Government drastically rethink its policy of the management of this country's biomedical research enterprise that each year pours over 50 billion dollars (all Agencies included) of the people's hard earned tax dollars into a black hole of scientific data that are not only useless but cannot be reproduced by other Scientific Researchers and by the "Scientific Researchers" who generated the "scientific data" in the first place. It is also submitted that had the leadership of United States National Institutes of Health, the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention read and studied the "Theory of Chaos" and the "Art of War", America would not be in the situation it is currently facing.

scholarly journals Executive Summary: Official American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America Clinical Practice Guidelines: Treatment of Drug-Susceptible Tuberculosis

2016 ◽  
Vol 63 (7) ◽  
pp. 853-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Payam Nahid ◽  
Susan E. Dorman ◽  
Narges Alipanah ◽  
Pennan M. Barry ◽  
Jan L. Brozek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
American Thoracic Society ◽  
World Health ◽  
Evaluation Methodology ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Expert Committee ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control

Abstract The American Thoracic Society, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and Infectious Diseases Society of America jointly sponsored the development of this guideline for the treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis, which is also endorsed by the European Respiratory Society and the US National Tuberculosis Controllers Association. Representatives from the American Academy of Pediatrics, the Canadian Thoracic Society, the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease, and the World Health Organization also participated in the development of the guideline. This guideline provides recommendations on the clinical and public health management of tuberculosis in children and adults in settings in which mycobacterial cultures, molecular and phenotypic drug susceptibility tests, and radiographic studies, among other diagnostic tools, are available on a routine basis. For all recommendations, literature reviews were performed, followed by discussion by an expert committee according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation methodology. Given the public health implications of prompt diagnosis and effective management of tuberculosis, empiric multidrug treatment is initiated in almost all situations in which active tuberculosis is suspected. Additional characteristics such as presence of comorbidities, severity of disease, and response to treatment influence management decisions. Specific recommendations on the use of case management strategies (including directly observed therapy), regimen and dosing selection in adults and children (daily vs intermittent), treatment of tuberculosis in the presence of HIV infection (duration of tuberculosis treatment and timing of initiation of antiretroviral therapy), as well as treatment of extrapulmonary disease (central nervous system, pericardial among other sites) are provided. The development of more potent and better-tolerated drug regimens, optimization of drug exposure for the component drugs, optimal management of tuberculosis in special populations, identification of accurate biomarkers of treatment effect, and the assessment of new strategies for implementing regimens in the field remain key priority areas for research. See the full-text online version of the document for detailed discussion of the management of tuberculosis and recommendations for practice.

scholarly journals Faces of Resistance: Using Real-world Patients and Their Advocates to Teach Medical Students about Antimicrobial Stewardship

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priya Nori ◽  
Kelsie Cowman ◽  
Amanda Jezek ◽  
Joshua D Nosanchuk ◽  
Magdalena Slosar-Cheah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Real World ◽  
Response Rate ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
Patient Stories

Abstract We engaged medical students with antimicrobial stewardship (AS) and resistance (AMR) through patient stories and a panel on AMR advocacy with experts from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Infectious Diseases Society of America. Students were surveyed on their perceptions about AS and AMR (response rate=139/166, 84%).

scholarly journals 1321. The UNZA/UMB MMed ID Collaboration: Training and Retaining HIV Specialist Physicians in Zambia

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (suppl_1) ◽  
pp. S403-S404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lottie Hachaambwa ◽  
Cassidy Claassen ◽  
Lloyd Mulenga ◽  
Nason Lambwe ◽  
Izukanji Sikazwe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
University Of Maryland ◽  
Cooperative Agreement ◽  
Health Leadership ◽  
Control And Prevention ◽  
Centers For Disease Control ◽  
The University

Abstract Background To mitigate the HIV pandemic and increasing outbreaks of infectious diseases, sub-Saharan African countries need increased healthcare worker capacity at all levels. We describe a successful collaboration between the Ministry of Health (MOH), the University Teaching Hospital (UTH), the University of Zambia (UNZA), and the University of Maryland Baltimore (UMB) to train Zambian physicians in advanced HIV medicine and infectious diseases. Methods Recognizing the need for advanced HIV clinical care expertise in Zambia, UNZA, UTH and UMB partnered in 2008 to create a 1-year Postgraduate Diploma in HIV Medicine. The consortium extended this to an 18-month Master of Science in HIV Medicine to better align with existing professional advancement schema. In 2012, UNZA and UMB started a 4-year Master of Medicine in infectious diseases (MMedID), which was then expanded to a 5-year training program combining internal medicine and infectious disease (MMed IM/ID) in order to produce a cadre with wider expertise in internal medicine and infectious diseases. Instruction consists of bedside teaching, didactic lectures, case conferences, and journal clubs. The bulk of teaching came from UMB clinical faculty with expertise in HIV and ID; faculty are either based in Zambia or visit from the United States. Results The MSc HIV program trained 27 physicians; of these, 24 (89%) are in health leadership positions in Zambia, with 17 (63%) directly involved in clinical care (mostly in the public sector), while 7 (15%) work for international implementing partners in Zambia. 1 physician emigrated to another African country, another one died and the third is in clinical nonleadership position in Zambia. The MMed ID program has enrolled 14 physicians. The first two graduates of the program completed the program in 2017 and took health leadership roles within the MOH as well as teaching positions at UNZA. Conclusion Educational collaborations embedded within local institutions and structures can provide advanced healthcare expertise within resource-limited settings. The UNZA/UMB MMed IM/ID collaboration is a model example of a successful university partnership that has resulted in retaining health leadership and clinical care expertise in Zambia. Disclosures L. Hachaambwa, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Cooperative Agreement to Institution, Financial support for the work described in this abstract was made possible by a cooperative agreement award from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to the University of Zambia and to the University of Maryland School of Medicine.

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