Daily intake and hazard index of parabens based upon 24 h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank from 1995 to 2012

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 591-600 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca K Moos ◽  
Petra Apel ◽  
Christa Schröter-Kermani ◽  
Marike Kolossa-Gehring ◽  
Thomas Brüning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Environmental Specimen Bank ◽  
Environmental Specimen ◽  
Specimen Bank

scholarly journals Metabolites of the alkyl pyrrolidone solvents NMP and NEP in 24-h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank from 1991 to 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (8) ◽  
pp. 1073-1082 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadin Ulrich ◽  
Daniel Bury ◽  
Holger M. Koch ◽  
Maria Rüther ◽  
Till Weber ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Isotope Dilution Analysis ◽  
German Population ◽  
Environmental Specimen Bank ◽  
Stable Isotope Dilution Analysis ◽  
Environmental Specimen ◽  
Specimen Bank ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations

Abstract Purpose The aim of this study was to get a first overview of the exposure to the solvents and reproductive toxicants N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) and N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (NEP) in Germany. NMP and NEP metabolite concentrations were determined in 540 24-h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank collected from 1991 to 2014. With these data we were able to investigate NMP/NEP exposures over time and to evaluate associated risks. Methods NMP metabolites 5-hydroxy-N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (5-HNMP) and 2-hydroxy-N-methylsuccinimide (2-HMSI) and NEP metabolites 5-hydroxy-N-ethyl-2-pyrrolidone (5-HNEP) and 2-hydroxy-N-ethylsuccinimide (2-HESI) were determined by stable isotope dilution analysis using solid phase extraction followed by derivatization (silylation) and GC–EI–MS/MS. Results We were able to quantify 5-HNMP and 2-HMSI in 98.0 and 99.6% and 5-HNEP and 2-HESI in 34.8 and 75.7% of the samples. Metabolite concentrations were rather steady over the timeframe investigated, even for NEP which has been introduced as an NMP substitute only in the last decade. Calculated median daily intakes in 2014 were 2.7 µg/kg bw/day for NMP and 1.1 µg/kg bw/day for NEP. For the combined risk assessment of NMP and NEP exposure, the hazard index based on the human biomonitoring assessment I values (HBM I values) was less than 0.1. Conclusions Based on the investigated subpopulation of the German population, individual and combined NMP and NEP exposures were within acceptable ranges in the investigated timeframe. Sources of NEP exposure in the 90s and 00s remain elusive.

Parabens in 24h urine samples of the German Environmental Specimen Bank from 1995 to 2012

2015 ◽  
Vol 218 (7) ◽  
pp. 666-674 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca K. Moos ◽  
Holger M. Koch ◽  
Jürgen Angerer ◽  
Petra Apel ◽  
Christa Schröter-Kermani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urine Samples ◽  
Environmental Specimen Bank ◽  
Environmental Specimen ◽  
Specimen Bank
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document