scholarly journals GABA promotes the competitive selection of dendritic spines by controlling local Ca2+ signaling

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1409-1416 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatsuya Hayama ◽  
Jun Noguchi ◽  
Satoshi Watanabe ◽  
Noriko Takahashi ◽  
Akiko Hayashi-Takagi ◽  
...  
2017 ◽  
Vol 93 (4) ◽  
pp. 101-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inga Bethmann ◽  
Martin Jacob ◽  
Maximilian A. Müller

ABSTRACT Tax regimes treat losses and profits asymmetrically when profits are immediately taxed, but losses are not immediately refunded. We find that treating losses less asymmetrically by granting refunds less restrictively increases loss firms' investment: A third of the refund is invested and the rest is held as cash or returned to shareholders. However, the investment response is driven primarily by firms prone to engage in risky overinvestment. Consistent with the risk of misallocation, we find a delayed exit of low-productivity loss firms receiving less restrictive refunds, indicating potential distortion of the competitive selection of firms. This distortion also negatively affects aggregate output and productivity. Our results suggest that stimulating loss firms' investment with refunds unconditional on their future prospects comes at the risk of misallocation. JEL Classifications: G31; H21; H25.


10.28945/4891 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 491-503
Author(s):  
Amichai Mitelman ◽  
Yahel Giat

Aim/Purpose: This paper reports a case study of organizational transition from a non-competitive selection method to a novel bidding method for the selection of consultants in the Architectural and Engineering (A/E) industry. Background: Public procurement agencies are increasingly relying on external consultants for the design of construction projects. Consultant selection can be based on either competitive bidding, or quality-based criteria, or some combination between these two approaches. Methodology: Different sources of information were reviewed: internal documents, and quantitative data from the enterprise software platform (ERP). In addition, informal and unstructured interviews were conducted with relevant officials. Contribution: As there are mixed opinions in the scientific literature regarding the use of competitive bidding for the selection of consultants in the A/E industry, this paper contributes a detailed review of a transition to a competitive selection method and provides a financial and qualitative comparison between the two methods. In addition, the method implemented is novel, as it delegates most of the responsibility of hiring and managing consultants to one main contractor. Findings: While the new selection method was intended to reduce bureaucratic overload, it has unexpectedly also succeeded to reduce costs as well. Recommendations for Practitioners: It may be more efficient and profitable to adopt the selection method described in this study. Recommendation for Researchers: Similar methods can be applied to other industries successfully. Impact on Society: Our method was applied in a public organization and resulted in a better outcome, both financial and managerial. Adopting this approach can benefit public budgets. Future Research: The selection, data storage, and analysis methods are interrelated components. Future analysis of these components can help better shape the consultant selection process.


2010 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
M. Fallah ◽  
G. R Stoner ◽  
J. H Reynolds

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