Author Correction: Monitoring and long-term management of giant cell arteritis and polymyalgia rheumatica

Abstract The long-term mortality in giant cell arteritis (GCA) and polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is unexpectedly decreased or at least not increased regardless of several mortality risk factors that these diseases share with other chronic immune-mediated rheumatic diseases. The genetic and immunological profile of PMR/GCA patients is unique, therefore, the hypothesis that this profile provides some survival advantage to PMR/GCA patients should be considered. The longevity is a phenomenon that was demonstrated to be familial. The familial aggregation of longevity can be studied by analysis of life expectancy in family members. Here we test the hypothesis of the aggregation of an increased longevity in the families of PMR/GCA patients. We compared the age of death of 358 parents of 179 PMR and GCA patients with corresponding data retrieved from 506 parents of 253 randomly collected age and sex-matched controls. The number of nonagenarian (≥ 90-year -old) mothers of PMR/GCA patients was significantly higher (OR = 2.34, 95%CI 1.11–11.95, p < 0.0005) vs controls. Both nonagenarian parents were found in 6 patients (3.35%) and none in the control cohort (OR = 8.77, 95%CI 2.26–405.10, p = 0.003). Our data suggest the familial aggregation of nonagenarians in PMR/GCA patients.

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PP8. GIANT CELL ARTERITIS AND POLYMYALGIA RHEUMATICA: DIAGNOSTIC ERRORS REVEALED BY A LONG TERM PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW UP – THE GRACG MULTICENTRIC STUDY

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keh761 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 44 (suppl_3) ◽

pp. iii16-iii17

Author(s):

P. Duhaut ◽

S. Bosshard ◽

L. Le Page ◽

D. Boutin ◽

A. Smail ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell Arteritis ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽

Diagnostic Errors ◽

Multicentric Study

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Clinical and Immunogenetic Characterization of Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) and Polymyalgia Rheumatica (PMR)

Case Medical Research ◽

10.31525/ct1-nct04102930 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell Arteritis ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Polymyalgia Rheumatica

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Polymyalgia Rheumatica - a Disease of the Elderly

Revista de Chimie ◽

10.37358/rc.18.1.6063 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 69 (1) ◽

pp. 152-154

Author(s):

Vasilica Cristescu ◽

Aurelia Romila ◽

Luana Andreea Macovei

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell Arteritis ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽

Temporal Arteritis ◽

Viral Infections ◽

Clinical Manifestations ◽

The Elderly ◽

Clinical Aspects ◽

Immune Disorder ◽

Markers Of Inflammation

Polymyalgia rheumatica is a disease that occurs mostly in the elderly and is rarely seen in patients less than 50 years of age. Polymyalgia rheumatica is a vasculitis, which manifests itself as an inflammatory disease of the vascular wall that can affect any type of blood vessel, regardless of its size. It has been considered a form of giant cell arteritis, involving primarily large and medium arteries and to a lesser extent the arterioles. Clinical manifestations are caused by the generic pathogenic process and depend on the characteristics of the damaged organ. PMR is a senescence-related immune disorder. It has been defined as a stand-alone condition and a syndrome referred to as rheumatic polyarteritis with manifestations of giant cell arteritis (especially in cases of Horton�s disease and temporal arteritis) which are commonly associated with polymyalgia. The clinical presentation is clearly dominated by the painful girdle syndrome, with a feeling of general discomfort. Polymyalgia and temporal arteritis may coexist or be consecutive to each other in the same patient, as in most of our patients. The present study describes 3 cases of polymyalgia rheumatica, admitted to the Clinic of Rheumatology of Sf. Apostol Andrei Hospital, Galati. The cases were compared with the literature. Two clinical aspects (polymyalgia rheumatica and/or Horton�s disease) and the relationship between them were also considered. Polymyalgia rheumatica is currently thought to have a multifactorial etiology, in which the following factors play a role: genetic factors or hereditary predisposition (some individuals are more prone to this disease), immune factors and viral infections (triggers of the disease). Other risk factors of polymyalgia rheumatica include age over 50 years and the association with giant cell arteritis. The characteristic feature of the disease is girdle pain, with intense stiffness of at least one hour�s duration. Markers of inflammation, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C-reactive protein are almost always increased at the onset of the disease. Diseases that can mimic the clinical picture of polymyalgia rheumatica are neoplasia, infections, metabolic disorders of the bone and endocrine diseases.

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Possible giant cell arteritis symptoms are common in newly diagnosed patients with Polymyalgia Rheumatica: results from an incident primary care PMR cohort

BMC Rheumatology ◽

10.1186/s41927-017-0007-2 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

William Masson ◽

Sara Muller ◽

Rebecca Whittle ◽

James Prior ◽

Toby Helliwell ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Primary Care ◽

Giant Cell Arteritis ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽

Newly Diagnosed

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OP0047 Fdg-pet scan investigations in vasculitis, other than giant cell arteritis or polymyalgia rheumatica

10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.235 ◽

2001 ◽

Author(s):

DE Blockmans ◽

A Maes ◽

S Stroobants ◽

H Bobbaers ◽

L Mortelmans

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell Arteritis ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Polymyalgia Rheumatica ◽

Fdg Pet ◽

Pet Scan ◽

Fdg Pet Scan

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POS0338 STEROID-SPARING EFFECT OF ANAKINRA IN GIANT-CELL ARTERITIS: A CASE SERIES WITH CLINICAL, BIOLOGICAL AND ICONOGRAPHIC LONG-TERM ASSESSMENTS

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2021-eular.1623 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 397.1-397

Author(s):

S. Deshayes ◽

K. Ly ◽

V. Rieu ◽

G. Maigné ◽

N. M. Silva ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Giant Cell Arteritis ◽

Giant Cell ◽

Interleukin 1 ◽

Oral Prednisone ◽

Large Vessel ◽

Daily Dose ◽

Sparing Effect ◽

Steroid Sparing

Background:The treatment of giant cell arteritis (GCA) relies on corticosteroids but is burdened by a high rate of relapses and adverse effects. Anti-interleukin-6 treatments show a clear benefit with a significant steroid-sparing effect, but late relapses occur after treatment discontinuation. In addition to interleukin-6, interleukin-1 also appears to play a significant role in GCA pathophysiology.Objectives:We report herein the efficacy of anakinra, an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, in 6 GCA patients exhibiting corticosteroid dependence or resistance, specifically analyzing the outcome of aortitis in 4 of them, and including the long-term follow-up of 2 previously described patients (1).Methods:This retrospective study analyzed the cases of all GCA patients treated with anakinra from the French Study Group for Large Vessel Vasculitis.Patients had to satisfy the following two criteria to be enrolled in this retrospective study. First, their diagnosis of GCA should be based on the fulfillment of at least 3 criteria of the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) for GCA or on the satisfaction of 2 of these criteria along with the demonstration of LVI on imaging. Second, patients should have received anakinra because of corticosteroid dependence or resistance.Corticosteroid dependence was defined as ≥2 relapses or the combination of 2 of the following criteria: a daily dose of oral prednisone >20 mg/day (or 0.3 mg/kg) at 6 months; a daily dose of oral prednisone >10 mg/day (or 0.2 mg/kg) at 12 months; and/or a treatment maintained >24 months because of a relapsing disease course. Corticosteroid resistance was defined as persistent increased inflammatory parameters at month 3 despite a steroid dosage over 0.5 mg/kg.Results:After a median duration of anakinra therapy of 19 [18–32] months, all 6 patients exhibited complete clinical and biological remission. Among the 4 patients with large-vessel involvement, 2 had a disappearance of aortitis under anakinra, and 2 showed a decrease in vascular uptake. After a median follow-up of 56 [48–63] months, corticosteroids were discontinued in 4 patients, and corticosteroid dosage could be decreased to 5 mg/day in 2 patients. One patient relapsed 13 months after anakinra introduction in the context of increasing the daily anakinra injection interval to every 48 hours. Three patients experienced transient injection-site reactions, and 1 patient had pneumonia.Figure 1.Steroid dosages before and after the introduction of anakinra in 6 patients with giant-cell arteritis and corticosteroid dependence or resistance. The black arrow indicates the time of anakinra introduction.Conclusion:In this short series, anakinra appears to be an efficient and safe steroid-sparing agent in refractory GCA, with a possible beneficial effect on large-vessel involvement.References:[1]Ly K-H, Stirnemann J, Liozon E, Michel M, Fain O, Fauchais A-L. Interleukin-1 blockade in refractory giant cell arteritis. Joint Bone Spine 2014;81:76–8.Disclosure of Interests:Samuel Deshayes: None declared, Kim LY: None declared, Virginie Rieu: None declared, Gwénola Maigné: None declared, Nicolas Martin Silva: None declared, Alain Manrique: None declared, Jacques Monteil: None declared, Hubert de Boysson Speakers bureau: Roche-Chugai, Grant/research support from: Roche-Chugai, Achille Aouba Grant/research support from: SOBI

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