scholarly journals A systematic review and meta-analysis on the clinical implications of probability discounting among individuals with Internet gaming disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Weilun Chung ◽  
Cheuk-Kwan Sun ◽  
I.-Ting Tsai ◽  
Kuo-Chuan Hung ◽  
Hsien-Jane Chiu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Probability Discounting ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Task Effect ◽  
The Difference ◽  
English Articles ◽  
Significant Publication Bias

AbstractThe significance of probability discounting (PD) among individuals with Internet gaming disorder (IGD) remains unclear. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, and ScienceDirect databases for English articles on Internet addiction that included comparison between individuals with and without IGD as well as probabilistic discounting task as the main outcome from January 1970 to July 2020 using the appropriate keyword strings. The primary outcome was the overall difference in rate of PD, while the secondary outcomes included the difference in PD with magnitude of probabilistic reward and response time of the PD task. Effect size (ES) was calculated through dividing the group means (e.g., h value or AUC) by the pooled standard deviations of the two groups. A total of five studies with 300 participants (i.e., IGD group, n = 150, mean age = 20.27 ± 2.68; healthy controls, n = 150, mean age = 20.70 ± 2.81) were analyzed. The IGD group was more willing to take risks in probabilistic gains but performances on probabilistic losses were similar between the two groups. The IGD group also exhibited a shorter response time (Hedge’s g = − 0.51; 95%CI = − 0.87 to − 0.15). Meta-regression demonstrated a positive correlation between maximum reward magnitude and PD rate (p < 0.04). However, significant publication bias was noted among the included studies (Egger’s test, p < 0.01). In conclusion, individuals with IGD seemed more impulsive in making risky decisions, especially when the potential gains were expected. Our findings not only supported the use of PD for assessing individuals with IGD but may also provide new insights into appropriate interventions.

scholarly journals Altered brain functional networks in Internet gaming disorder: independent component and graph theoretical analysis under a probability discounting task

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 544-556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziliang Wang ◽  
Xiaoyue Liu ◽  
Yanbo Hu ◽  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Xiaoxia Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Probability Discounting ◽  
Independent Component ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Graph Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Imaging Results

ObjectivesInternet gaming disorder (IGD) is becoming a matter of concern around the world. However, the neural mechanism underlying IGD remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to explore the differences between the neuronal network of IGD participants and that of recreational Internet game users (RGU).MethodsImaging and behavioral data were collected from 18 IGD participants and 20 RGU under a probability discounting task. The independent component analysis (ICA) and graph theoretical analysis (GTA) were used to analyze the data.ResultsBehavioral results showed the IGD participants, compared to RGU, prefer risky options to the fixed ones and spent less time in making risky decisions. In imaging results, the ICA analysis revealed that the IGD participants showed stronger functional connectivity (FC) in reward circuits and executive control network, as well as lower FC in anterior salience network (ASN) than RGU; for the GTA results, the IGD participants showed impaired FC in reward circuits and ASN when compared with RGU.ConclusionsThese results suggest that IGD participants were more sensitive to rewards, and they were more impulsive in decision-making as they could not control their impulsivity effectively. This might explain why IGD participants cannot stop their gaming behaviors even when facing severe negative consequences.

Internet gaming disorder in adolescents is linked to delay discounting but not probability discounting

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 ◽  
pp. 59-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moqian Tian ◽  
Ran Tao ◽  
Ya Zheng ◽  
Huimin Zhang ◽  
Guochun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Probability Discounting ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Internet Gaming

Response Inhibition and Internet Gaming Disorder: A Meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 ◽  
pp. 54-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelia Argyriou ◽  
Christopher B. Davison ◽  
Tayla T.C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Response Inhibition ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Internet Gaming

Risk and protective factors of Internet gaming disorder among Chinese people: A meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110257
Author(s):  
Yinan Ji ◽  
Margaret Xi Can Yin ◽  
Anna Yan Zhang ◽  
Daniel Fu Keung Wong
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Strongly Correlated ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Chinese People ◽  
Maladaptive Cognitions ◽  
Internet Gaming

Objectives: Effective prevention and intervention of Internet gaming disorder require the identification of risk and protective factors. This study aims to exhaustively review the risk and protective factors of Internet gaming disorder among Chinese people. Method: We searched for articles published from database inception to February 2020 in MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science and two Chinese databases, CNKI and Wanfang Data. Studies were included in the meta-analysis if they addressed Internet gaming disorder, sampled people in China, presented correlational factors of Internet gaming disorder and reported the effect sizes for correlations. Reviewers independently selected the studies, assessed their validity and extracted the data. Pooled Pearson’s correlations were calculated using the random effects model. Result: In the meta-analysis, 153 studies covering 115,975 subjects were included. We identified 56 risk factors and 28 protective factors. Most risk factors strongly correlated with Internet gaming disorder fell into the category of maladaptive cognitions and motivations. Other factors that showed high effect sizes fell into various categories, including psychopathological characteristics, personality traits, cognition emotion regulation style and gaming-related factors. The only protective factor strongly correlated with Internet gaming disorder was self-control. We found that the factors related to the ‘environments’ show modest effect sizes compared to those related to the individual. The pooled effect sizes for most factors were not influenced by outliers and publication bias. Conclusion: Factors strongly correlated with Internet gaming disorder, especially maladaptive cognitions and motivations, are more likely to be proximal correlates of Internet gaming disorder and may be considered the focus of interventions. We encourage further empirical and experimental studies to examine the causal pathway and the treatment efficacy.

Functional and structural neural alterations in Internet gaming disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 313-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Wei Yao ◽  
Lu Liu ◽  
Shan-Shan Ma ◽  
Xin-Hui Shi ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Internet Gaming

scholarly journals “Clinically significant distress” in Internet Gaming Disorder: An individual participant meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nick Ballou ◽  
David Zendle
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Internet Gaming Disorder ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gaming Disorder ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Internet Gaming ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Clinically Significant

Although the validity of internet gaming disorder (IGD) in the DSM-5 hinges on a relationship between 5 or more IGD symptoms and “clinically significant impairment and/or distress”, to date most studies have focused on statistical significance. To address this, we conduct an individual participant meta-analysis comprised of primary data from 15 studies (n = 38,851). Study 1 finds that meeting the DSM-5’s proposed 5/9 diagnostic threshold is associated with d = .65 greater distress across 21 well-being constructs, which exceeds a conservative anchor for clinical significance. However, we also find that classifying participants above and below the 5/9 threshold has little power to reject that threshold: a 2/9 cut-off predicts similarly large differences. Study 2 shows that dimensional (continuous) modelling of IGD scores offers a more severe test of the proposed threshold. Finally, study 3 reveals that three criteria—preoccupation, tolerance, and loss of control—are roughly half as predictive of distress as withdrawal and escapism, highlighting limitations also present in dimensional modelling and suggesting the need to modify or remove these. In sum, we do not find evidence for invalidating IGD as proposed, but do identify issues with threshold-based categorization, inadequate differentiation between statistical and clinical significance, and the inclusion of potentially flawed criteria. We argue that these are possible negative consequences of a premature switch to confirmatory research on IGD.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document