Posterior vitreous detachment and paravascular retinoschisis in highly myopic young patients detected by ultra-widefield OCT

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and retinoschisis (RS) in 73 highly myopic (HM) young patients age 16.4 ± 6.9 years and 24 non-HM children age 8.4 ± 1.5 years. The presence of the paravascular retinal abnormalities was determined in the images obtained by a ultra-widefield OCT (UWF OCT) instrument with an image field of 23 × 20 mm. The results showed that a partial PVD was detected in 15 (21%) of the HM patients, and the number increased significantly with increasing age (P = 0.02). PVDs of any type were not found in the non-HM eyes. The number of microvascular folds also increased with age in the HM patients (P = 0.03). Medium-reflective columnar tissues were present between the detached vitreous and inner retinal surface in 4 (5%) eyes of the HM patients. Myopic RS was found in 3 (4%) HM patients in the paravascular area but not in the macular area. These results suggest that early partial PVD may play a role in pathological and proliferative vitreous changes of HM eyes. An intense vitreoretinal traction with bridging tissues may cause the various paravascular retinal abnormalities. In HM eyes, paravascular RS is already present at an early age which may progress to macular RS with aging.

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Posterior Vitreous Detachment and Paravascular Retinoschisis in Highly Myopic Young Patients Detected by Ultra-Widefield OCT

10.21203/rs.3.rs-421164/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hiroyuki Takahashi ◽

Noriko Nakao ◽

Kosei Shinohara ◽

Keigo Sugisawa ◽

Kengo Uramoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽

Young Patients ◽

Early Age ◽

Macular Area ◽

Retinal Surface ◽

Image Field ◽

Vitreous Detachment ◽

Vitreoretinal Traction ◽

The Relationship

Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between a posterior vitreous detachment (PVD) and retinoschisis (RS) in 73 highly myopic (HM) young patients and 24 non-HM children. The presence of the paravascular retinal abnormalities was determined in the images obtained by a ultra-widefield OCT (UWF OCT) instrument with an image field of 23 x 20 mm. The results showed that a partial PVD was detected in 15 (21%) of the HM patients, and the number increased significantly with increasing age (P=0.02). PVDs of any type were not found in the non-HM eyes. The number of microvascular folds also increased with age in the HM patients (P=0.03). Medium-reflective columnar tissues were present between the detached vitreous and inner retinal surface in 4 (5%) eyes of the HM patients. Myopic RS was found in 3 (4%) HM patients in the paravascular area but not in the macular area. These results suggest that early partial PVD may play a role in pathological and proliferative vitreous changes of HM eyes. An intense vitreoretinal traction with bridging tissues may cause the various paravascular retinal abnormalities. In HM eyes, paravascular RS is already present at an early age which may progress to macular RS with aging.

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Retinal Changes Induced by Epiretinal Tangential Forces

Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.1155/2015/372564 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Mario R. Romano ◽

Chiara Comune ◽

Mariantonia Ferrara ◽

Gilda Cennamo ◽

Stefano De Cillà ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽

Retinal Surface ◽

Epiretinal Membranes ◽

Vitreoretinal Traction ◽

Tangential Forces ◽

Vitreopapillary Adhesion ◽

Definition Of ◽

The Right ◽

Anterior Posterior ◽

Anomalous Posterior Vitreous Detachment

Two kinds of forces are active in vitreoretinal traction diseases: tangential and anterior-posterior forces. However, tangential forces are less characterized and classified in literature compared to the anterior-posterior ones. Tangential epiretinal forces are mainly due to anomalous posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), vitreoschisis, vitreopapillary adhesion (VPA), and epiretinal membranes (ERMs). Anomalous PVD plays a key role in the formation of the tangential vectorial forces on the retinal surface as consequence of gel liquefaction (synchysis) without sufficient and fast vitreous dehiscence at the vitreoretinal interface. The anomalous and persistent adherence of the posterior hyaloid to the retina can lead to vitreomacular/vitreopapillary adhesion or to a formation of avascular fibrocellular tissue (ERM) resulting from the proliferation and transdifferentiation of hyalocytes resident in the cortical vitreous remnants after vitreoschisis. The right interpretation of the forces involved in the epiretinal tangential tractions helps in a better definition of diagnosis, progression, prognosis, and surgical outcomes of vitreomacular interfaces.

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