Abstract
Oxygen reduction is a key reaction in many energy conversion devices. Phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers not only have developed pores and surface structure, but also have strong adjustable modification and modification, so they have a wide application prospect in heterogeneous catalysis. At present, the preparation of phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers and their applications in heterogeneous catalysis have not been reviewed. in this paper, the research progress in this field in the past decade is summarized and reviewed. The synthetic methods of phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers are developing rapidly, including coupling Polycondensation, lithium salt-mediated Polycondensation, Friedel-Crafts Polycondensation, solvothermal olefin polymerization, Scholl Polycondensation, phenolic polymerization, aldehyde-amine condensation, phosphorization of polypyran salts and multistage polymerization. At the same time of briefly describing the mechanism of oxygen reduction reaction, combined with the research results of my own team, this paper focuses on the application of new porous materials (metal-organic framework MOF, conjugated microporous polymer CMP, etc.) in electrocatalysis. In view of the problems existing in the current electrocatalysts, the future research ideas are pointed out, including the use of advanced technical means to characterize the active sites of the catalysts in situ, based on the fact that there are a large number of phosphine ligands in the framework, phosphorus-containing porous organic polymers can be loaded with a series of metal compounds to make supported metal nanoparticles catalysts, or even monoatomic or unit point metal catalysts. The optimal structure of the catalyst was inversely calculated from the high active sites, and the preparation conditions of the materials were optimized. Under the guidance of theory and practice, a new type of electrocatalyst with high efficiency, stability, economy and environmental protection was developed on the premise of in-depth understanding of the mechanism of oxygen reduction reaction. Then an example is given to introduce the use of POPs to solve the basic scientific problems related to biomimetic catalysis, and show its great application potential. Finally, the challenges and opportunities in this emerging field are summarized and put forward.
Recycling and valorization of LDPE: direct transformation into highly ordered doped-carbons and its application as electro-catalyst for the oxygen reduction reaction
