The Speech and Language Characteristics of Children with Prader-Willi Syndrome

1990 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 300-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sallie A. Kleppe ◽  
Kerri Misaki Katayama ◽  
Kenneth G. Shipley ◽  
David R. Foushee
Keyword(s):  
Expressive Language ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Speech Articulation ◽  
Communicative Development ◽  
Language Characteristics ◽  
Children's Speech

Prader-Willi syndrome was initially identified in 1956. Since then, a majority of the literature pertaining to Prader-Willi has focused on the medical and genetic aspects of the syndrome. There has been limited information available regarding the speech and language abilities of children with Prader-Willi. This study investigated the communicative development of 18 children with the syndrome, ranging in age from 8:8 to 17:1. A number of evaluative procedures were used to evaluate the subjects' spontaneous speech, articulation, and receptive and expressive language abilities, as well as their voice, fluency, oral mechanisms, hearing, and their developmental histories. A variety of communicative deficiencies were found in the children's speech, language, voice, and fluency.

Speech Abilities in a Heterogeneous Group of Children With Autism

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Kate Broome ◽  
Patricia McCabe ◽  
Kimberley Docking ◽  
Maree Doble ◽  
Bronwyn Carrigg
Keyword(s):  
Expressive Language ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Receptive Language ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Children With Asd ◽  
Speech Data

Purpose This study aimed to provide detailed descriptive information about the speech of a heterogeneous cohort of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and to explore whether subgroups exist based on this detailed speech data. High rates of delayed and disordered speech in both low-verbal and high-functioning children with ASD have been reported. There is limited information regarding the speech abilities of young children across a range of functional levels. Method Participants were 23 children aged 2;0–6;11 (years;months) with a diagnosis of ASD. Comprehensive speech and language assessments were administered. Independent and relational speech analyses were conducted from single-word naming tasks and spontaneous speech samples. Hierarchical clustering based on language, nonverbal communication, and spontaneous speech descriptive data was completed. Results Independent and relational speech analyses are reported. These variables are used in the cluster analyses, which identified three distinct subgroups: (a) children with high language and high speech ability ( n = 10), (b) children with low expressive language and low speech ability but higher receptive language and use of gestures ( n = 3), and (c) children with low language and low speech development ( n = 10). Conclusions This is the first study to provide detailed descriptive speech data of a heterogeneous cohort of children with ASD and use this information to statistically explore potential subgroups. Clustering suggests a small number of children present with low levels of speech and expressive language in the presence of better receptive language and gestures. This communication profile warrants further exploration. Replicating these findings with a larger cohort of children is needed. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.16906978

Management of Speech and Language Impairment in a Case of Prader-Willi Syndrome

1982 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-245 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nellie K. Edmonston
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Young Girl ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Contingent Reinforcement ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Speech And Language Impairment ◽  
Language Characteristics ◽  
Food Preoccupation

This case report describes the speech and language characteristics of a young girl with Prader-Willi syndrome and the therapy procedures used over a 10-month period. The lack of cooperation and motivation present in this case was effectively managed with contingent reinforcement procedures, which capitalized on the food preoccupation of Prader-Willi children without upsetting the requirement for a controlled caloric intake.

scholarly journals Speech characteristics of parkinson disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 735-739
Author(s):  
Zeynep Zeliha Sonkaya ◽  
Mustafa Ceylan ◽  
Ali Rıza Sonkaya
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Language Disability ◽  
Language Impairments ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Related Disorder ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Clinical Profiles ◽  
Language Characteristics

Objective: Parkinson Disease (PD) is known the second most frequent neurodegenerative age-related disorder after Alzheimer’s disease. Although over the six million people worldwide suffer from PD, the main cause of the disease remains are unknown. Speech and language impairments have emerged in most patients with PD during the course of the disease. However, clinical profiles or characteristics that might differentiate individuals with PD who are predisposed to speech and language deficits are generally overlooked. Moreover, factors that expedite language disability have still been remained elusive. It is thought that the awareness of speech and language impairments in PD can significantly help to maintain language abilities as the disease progresses and also may contribute to improving communication skills with patients. For this reason, the present study aims to constitute a comprehensive frame for the speech and language characteristics of individuals with PD

Speech and Language Characteristics of Children with Strokes Due to Sickle Cell Disease

1997 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 809-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Priscilla Davis ◽  
Allison Landers ◽  
Betholyn Gentry ◽  
Jim Montague ◽  
Jess Dancer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Language Skills ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Characteristics

The receptive and expressive language skills of 10 children with strokes due to sickle cell disease were significantly poorer than those of their matched controls. The children with strokes had greatest difficulty in following oral directions and formulating sentences.

Speech and Language Skills of Individuals With Prader-Willi Syndrome

2002 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Lewis ◽  
Lisa Freebairn ◽  
Shauna Heeger ◽  
Suzanne B. Cassidy
Keyword(s):  
Standardized Testing ◽  
Voice Quality ◽  
Speech Sound ◽  
Uniparental Disomy ◽  
Speaking Rate ◽  
Chromosome 15 ◽  
Prader Willi Syndrome ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Motor Difficulties

The speech and language of 55 individuals (27 males and 28 females) with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS), aged from 6 months to 42 years, were examined through standardized testing and spontaneous speech sample analysis. While great variability was noted in speech and language abilities, most subjects presented with speech sound errors characterized by imprecise articulation (85%), and oral motor difficulties (91%). Hypernasality was noted in 62% and hyponasality in 14%. Other speech characteristics included a slow speaking rate, flat intonation patterns, abnormal pitch of the voice, and harsh/hoarse voice quality. Narrative retelling abilities were poor, with specific deficits in sequencing of story events. Individuals with PWS as a result of deletions of chromosome 15 did not differ significantly in speech and language from individuals with PWS as a result of uniparental disomy.

Early Childhood Stuttering III

1999 ◽  
Vol 42 (5) ◽  
pp. 1125-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth V. Watkins ◽  
Ehud Yairi ◽  
Nicoline Grinager Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Language Learning ◽  
Normative Data ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Language Abilities ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
Normative Expectations ◽  
Theoretical Issues ◽  
Developmental Expectations

This investigation evaluated the expressive language abilities of 84 preschool-age children who stuttered, 62 who recovered from stuttering, and 22 who persisted in stuttering. The participants were identical to those identified in E. Yairi and N. G. Ambrose (1999) and E. Paden, E. Yairi, and N. G. Ambrose (1999). A range of lexical, morphological, and syntactic measures—calculated from spontaneous language samples of approximately 250–300 utterances in length collected relatively near stuttering onset—were used to examine the children's expressive language skills. For the purpose of analysis and comparison to normative data, children were grouped into three age intervals, in terms of the age at which they entered the study (2- to 3-year-olds, 3- to 4-year-olds, and 4- to 5-year-olds). Findings revealed similarity in the expressive language abilities of children whose stuttering persisted as opposed to abated at all age intervals. In addition, persistent and recovered stutterers displayed expressive language abilities near or above developmental expectations, based on comparison with normative data, at all age intervals. Children who entered the study at the youngest age level consistently demonstrated expressive language abilities well above normative expectations; this pattern was found for both persistent and recovered groups. These findings provide relatively limited information to assist in the early differentiation of persistence in or recovery from stuttering, but they do shed light on theoretical issues regarding the nature and character of early stuttering and potential associations with language learning.

Assessment of Speech and Language Development in the Young Child

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1980 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 350-354
Author(s):  
Martin Bax ◽  
Hilary Hart ◽  
Sue Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Young Child ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Behavior Problems ◽  
Expressive Language ◽  
Speech And Language ◽  
Clinical Method ◽  
Speech Therapist ◽  
Speech And Language Development ◽  
Normal Speech

A clinical method of assessing speech and language development in preschool children is described. Sixty-two 3-year-old children were assessed by a pediatrician, a speech therapist, and a psychologist. In 55 children there was agreement between all three examiners. Three children with articulation problems were rated as having normal comprehensive and expressive language by the psychologist. Three children were rated as having normal speech and language development by the pediatrician and speech therapist but delayed by the psychologist; all three had behavior problems. One further child rated as having a speech and language problem by the pediatrician was rated as normal by the speech therapist and psychologist. It is concluded that pediatricians can make reliable assessments of speech and language development.

Speech production accuracy of children with auditory brainstem implants: A comparison with peers with cochlear implants and typical hearing using Levenshtein Distance

2021 ◽  
pp. 014272372110422
Author(s):  
Jolien Faes ◽  
Joris Gillis ◽  
Steven Gillis
Keyword(s):  
Cochlear Implants ◽  
Spontaneous Speech ◽  
Auditory Brainstem ◽  
Speech Development ◽  
Levenshtein Distance ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Sensorineural Hearing Impairment ◽  
Auditory Brainstem Implants ◽  
Considerable Individual Variation ◽  
Hearing Children

Auditory brainstem implantation (ABI) is a recent innovation in pediatric hearing restoration in children with a sensorineural hearing impairment. Only limited information is available on the spontaneous speech development of severe-to-profound congenitally hearing-impaired children who received an ABI. The purpose of this study was to investigate longitudinally the accuracy of ABI children’s word productions in spontaneous speech in comparison to the accuracy of children who received a cochlear implant and children with normal hearing. The data of this study consist of recordings of the spontaneous speech of the first three Dutch-speaking children living in Belgium who received an ABI. The children’s utterances were phonemically transcribed and for each word, the distance between the child’s production and the standard adult phonemic transcription was computed using the Levenshtein Distance as a metric. The same procedure was applied to the longitudinal data of the children with CI and the normally hearing children. The main result was that the Levenshtein Distance decreased in the three children with ABI but it remained significantly higher than that of children with typical hearing and cochlear implants matched on chronological age, hearing age, and lexicon size. In other words, the phonemic accuracy increased in the children with ABI but stayed well below that of children without hearing loss and children with cochlear implants. Moreover, the analyses revealed considerable individual variation between the children with ABI.

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