Sequential Instruction System (SIS))

1970 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Reichertz ◽  
D. Courtney ◽  
F. B. Birznieks
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Control Program ◽  
The Other ◽  
Multiple Choice Questions ◽  
Instruction System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Cathode Ray Tube ◽  
Sequential Mode ◽  
Sequential Instruction ◽  
Executive System

This article describes a relatively simple conversational computer system to handle instructional texts or to perform a computer-aided testing. The system proceeds in a sequential mode with possibilities for branching forward or backward from where a sequential course is resumed.Instructional or explanatory texts and/or multiple choice questions may be displayed. According to the answers the correctness or incorrectness of the reply is indicated. After each incorrect answer references or explanations are given. If desired, these explanatory frames can also be accessed after correct answers.After completion of a course the score is displayed. SIS produces a log for the instructor including answers to individual questions and summary scores.The system is written in FORTRAN. It is designed to run under O.S. on IBM 360 series computers with 2260 cathode ray tube (CRT) displays. It exists in two versions, one operating under a stand-alone attention handler for local displays, the other requiring the B.E.S.T. (Baylor Executive System for Teleprocessing) as message control program. In this case, remote CRT’s, teletypes and typewriter-type terminals may also serve as user terminals.Though a few courses have been implemented, SIS is the basic vehicle, not the content of courses.

Computer-aided conversation: A prototype system for nonspeaking people with physical disabilities

1994 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Todman ◽  
Norman Alm ◽  
Leona Elder
Keyword(s):  
Computer System ◽  
Speech Acts ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Severe Disabilities ◽  
Initial Evaluation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
People With Physical Disabilities ◽  
Natural Way

ABSTRACTThis article describes the development, use, and initial evaluation of a prototype computer system to enable nonspeaking persons with severe disabilities to engage in conversation on broad topics. The conversational aid produced (via a voice synthesizer) speech acts that were selected from a prestored menu, which was constructed by the user. Features of the system included facilities for switching the conversational perspective between the speaker and listener (i.e., “your experiences and views” vs. “my experiences and views”), providing a range of comments on what the other speaker had said, effecting repair when there was a conversational breakdown, and following predicted sequences of speech acts. The initial trials of the system produced dialogues that proceeded in a natural way and achieved encouraging conversational rates.

Pattern-Recognition: A Comparison of the Performance of Clinicians and Non-Clinicians - with a Note on the Performance of a Computer-Based System

1972 ◽  
Vol 11 (01) ◽  
pp. 32-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. T. DE DOMBAL ◽  
J. C. HORROCKS ◽  
J. R. STANILAND ◽  
P. J. GUILLOU
Keyword(s):  
Pattern Recognition ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Computer Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Computer Performance ◽  
Pattern Size ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Aided Diagnosis ◽  
Better Than

This paper describes a series of 10,500 attempts at »pattern-recognition« by two groups of humans and a computer based system. There was little difference between the performances of 11 clinicians and 11 other persons of comparable intellectual capability. Both groups’ performances were related to the pattern-size, the accuracy diminishing rapidly as the patterns grew larger. By contrast the computer system increased its accuracy as the patterns increased in size.It is suggested (a) that clinicians are very little better than others at pattem-recognition, (b) that the clinician is incapable of analysing on a probabilistic basis the data he collects during a traditional clinical interview and examination and (c) that the study emphasises once again a major difference between human and computer performance. The implications as - regards human- and computer-aided diagnosis are discussed.

Perangkat Sumber Daya Manusia (Brainware)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadila Putri Ayu
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Computer Device ◽  
Systems Analysts

AbstrakPerangkat sumber daya manusia menjadi bagian terpenting dalam menjalankan atau mengoperasikan sebuah perangkat komputer. Manusia merupakan suatu elemen dari sistem komputer yang merancang bagaimana suatu mesin dapat bekerja sesuai dengan hasil yang diinginkan. Istilah yang digunakan untuk manusia yang berhubungan dengan komputer adalah Brainware. Brainware adalah semua personil atau tenaga kerja di bidang komputer, yakni yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pembentukan sistem komputerisasi maupun yang menangani dan mengawasi langsung bagian pengolahan data berbantuan komputer. Brainware terdiri dari Programer, Sistem Analis, Administrator, Teknisi Hardware, Teknisi Jaringan dan Web Master.Kata Kunci : Perangkat Sumber Daya Manusia AbstractHuman resource devices become the most important part in running or operating a computer device. Humans are an element of a computer system that designs how a machine can work in accordance with the desired results. The term used for humans related to computers is Brainware. Brainware is all personnel or workers in the computer field, that is, those involved in the formation of computerized systems as well as those who handle and directly supervise computer-aided data processing. Brainware consists of Programmers, Systems Analysts, Administrators, Hardware Technicians, Network Technicians and Web Masters.Keywords: Human resource device

Perangkat sumber daya manusia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahriza Irfansyah
Keyword(s):  
Data Processing ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Computer Device ◽  
Systems Analysts

Perangkat sumber daya manusia menjadi bagian terpenting dalam menjalankan atau mengoperasikan sebuah perangkat komputer. Manusia merupakan suatu elemen dari sistem komputer yang merancang bagaimana suatu mesin dapat bekerja sesuai dengan hasil yang diinginkan. Istilah yang digunakan untuk manusia yang berhubungan dengan komputer adalah Brainware. Brainware adalah semua personil atau tenaga kerja di bidang komputer, yakni yang terlibat dalam kegiatan pembentukan sistem komputerisasi maupun yang menangani dan mengawasi langsung bagian pengolahan data berbantuan komputer. Brainware terdiri dari Programer, Sistem Analis, Administrator, Teknisi Hardware, Teknisi Jaringan dan Web Master. Human resource devices become the most important part in running or operating a computer device. Humans are an element of a computer system that designs how a machine can work in accordance with the desired results. The term used for humans related to computers is Brainware. Brainware is all personnel or workers in the computer field, that is, those involved in the formation of computerized systems as well as those who handle and directly supervise computer-aided data processing. Brainware consists of Programmers, Systems Analysts, Administrators, Hardware Technicians, Network Technicians and Web Masters.

scholarly journals Conversion Between Cubic Bezier Curves and Catmull–Rom Splines

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soroosh Tayebi Arasteh ◽  
Adam Kalisz
Keyword(s):  
Computer Graphics ◽  
Geometric Design ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Complex Surfaces ◽  
Linear Transformations ◽  
Computer Aided Geometric Design ◽  
Cubic Curves ◽  
Original Curve ◽  
Computer Aided

AbstractSplines are one of the main methods of mathematically representing complicated shapes, which have become the primary technique in the fields of Computer Graphics (CG) and Computer-Aided Geometric Design (CAGD) for modeling complex surfaces. Among all, Bézier and Catmull–Rom splines are the most common in the sub-fields of engineering. In this paper, we focus on conversion between cubic Bézier and Catmull–Rom curve segments, rather than going through their properties. By deriving the conversion equations, we aim at converting the original set of the control points of either of the Catmull–Rom or Bézier cubic curves to a new set of control points, which corresponds to approximately the same shape as the original curve, when considered as the set of the control points of the other curve. Due to providing simple linear transformations of control points, the method is very simple, efficient, and easy to implement, which is further validated in this paper using some numerical and visual examples.

A Model of Secure Functioning of Computer Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
A. V. Galatenko ◽  
◽  
V. A. Kuzovikhina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Bound ◽  
Computer System ◽  
Finite Automaton ◽  
Nonnegative Integer ◽  
The Other ◽  
Shannon Function ◽  
Security Breaches ◽  
System Functioning ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Given

We propose an automata model of computer system security. A system is represented by a finite automaton with states partitioned into two subsets: "secure" and "insecure". System functioning is secure if the number of consecutive insecure states is not greater than some nonnegative integer k. This definition allows one to formally reflect responsiveness to security breaches. The number of all input sequences that preserve security for the given value of k is referred to as a k-secure language. We prove that if a language is k-secure for some natural and automaton V, then it is also k-secure for any 0 < k < k and some automaton V = V (k). Reduction of the value of k is performed at the cost of amplification of the number of states. On the other hand, for any non-negative integer k there exists a k-secure language that is not k"-secure for any natural k" > k. The problem of reconstruction of a k-secure language using a conditional experiment is split into two subcases. If the cardinality of an input alphabet is bound by some constant, then the order of Shannon function of experiment complexity is the same for al k; otherwise there emerges a lower bound of the order nk.

Modelling and Analysis of Web-Based CourseWare Systems

2000 ◽  
pp. 155-173
Author(s):  
Lam Chi-Yung ◽  
Cheung Shing-Chi
Keyword(s):  
Information Structure ◽  
Formal Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Design Phase ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Case Tools ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Dynamic Components ◽  
The One ◽  
Computer Aided Software Engineering

Designing reliable Web-based courseware systems is not trivial. Courseware authors need to allow as much flexibility in navigating through the system as possible on the one hand, and to ensure the satisfaction of properties and constraints in the system on the other. The problem is aggravated with facilities like Java applets which incorporate dynamic behaviour into the information structure. These issues motivate the need for designing such systems through rigorous modelling and analysis. We propose a scheme using a formal method called the Calculus of Communicating Systems (CCS) to unify the modelling of the courseware based on its navigational structure, semantics and dynamic components. Properties like ordering constraint, reachability and coverage constraint can be answered after a model is extracted from the implementation. Besides, our approach can be extended to assist in the design phase of the construction process, just like what computer-aided software engineering (CASE) tools do. A hypothetical example is used throughout the chapter as an illustration.

Language maintenance in the second generation

1992 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jane Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Positive Attitude ◽  
Second Generation ◽  
Language Maintenance ◽  
Census Data ◽  
The Other ◽  
English Only ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Computer Aided ◽  
Maintenance Activities

Abstract The article discusses the attitude of the second generation Dutch in Australia to language maintenance. It gives a profile of the group’s language maintenance activities, and examines factors related to language maintenance attitudes and the use of Dutch. The research involved detailed personal interviews with 100 members of the target group. Some of the information collected was evaluated quantitatively using computer-aided statistical analysis; other responses were analysed primarily in qualitative terms. The results revealed a more positive attitude to language maintenance and greater frequency of use of Dutch than might have been expected on the basis of the (limited) previous research on the second generation or the national census data. On the other hand, there was relatively little participation in activities with the potential to influence the use of Dutch: visits to the Netherlands, association with Dutch organizations, and attendance at Dutch classes. Overall the research provided no evidence of a continuing decline in frequency of use of Dutch to the point of a complete shift to English only. It was also clear that many informants valued their current use of Dutch.

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