Approach to Common Sleep Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 41 (06) ◽  
pp. 781-794
Author(s):  
Yujie Wang ◽  
Rachel Marie E. Salas
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Medical Disorders ◽  
Abnormal Movements ◽  
Wrist Actigraphy ◽  
Multiple Sleep Latency ◽  
Disordered Breathing

AbstractSleep disorders are highly relevant in clinical practice given their prevalence as well as their impact on health outcomes and quality of life. The most common concerns are excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, disordered breathing, and abnormal movements or behaviors during sleep. A detailed but targeted history is vital, particularly from the sleep partner/witness. In-laboratory sleep testing (polysomnography and multiple sleep latency test) remains vital in the diagnosis of certain sleep disorders (such as sleep-disordered breathing and central hypersomnia) and in specific populations (such as in children and individuals with comorbid medical disorders). Advances in technology have allowed for a variety of methods in assessing a patient's sleep, from compact devices to evaluate for sleep apnea, wrist actigraphy, and mobile device-based applications. As the pathophysiology of various sleep disorders becomes better elucidated, disease-specific medications have been developed for these conditions. Nonetheless, a multidisciplinary approach to management is necessary, including improving sleep hygiene and cognitive behavioral therapy.

scholarly journals Long-term Impact of Adenotonsillectomy on the Quality of Life of Children with Sleep-disordered breathing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Alves Sousa Caixeta ◽  
Jessica Caixeta Silva Sampaio ◽  
Vanessa Vaz Costa ◽  
Isadora Milhomem Bruno da Silveira ◽  
Carolina Ribeiro Fernandes de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Abstract Introduction Adenotonsillectomy is the first-line treatment for obstructive sleep apnea secondary to adenotonsillar hypertrophy in children. The physical benefits of this surgery are well known as well as its impact on the quality of life (QoL), mainly according to short-term evaluations. However, the long-term effects of this surgery are still unclear. Objective To evaluate the long-term impact of adenotonsillectomy on the QoL of children with sleep-disordered breathing (SDB). Method This was a prospective non-controlled study. Children between 3 and 13 years of age with symptoms of SDB for whom adenotonsillectomy had been indicated were included. Children with comorbities were excluded. Quality of life was evaluated using the obstructive sleep apnea questionnaire (OSA-18), which was completed prior to, 10 days, 6 months, 12 months and, at least, 18 months after the procedure. For statistical analysis, p-values lower than 0.05 were defined as statistically significant. Results A total of 31 patients were enrolled in the study. The average age was 5.2 years, and 16 patients were male. The OSA-18 scores improved after the procedure in all domains, and this result was maintained until the last evaluation, done 22 ± 3 months after the procedure. Improvement in each domain was not superior to achieved in other domains. No correlation was found between tonsil or adenoid size and OSA-18 scores. Conclusion This is the largest prospective study that evaluated the long-term effects of the surgery on the QoL of children with SDB using the OSA-18. Our results show adenotonsillectomy has a positive impact in children's QoL.

Quality of life of children with sleep-disordered breathing treated with adenotonsillectomy

2010 ◽  
Vol 125 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M Powell ◽  
M Tremlett ◽  
D A Bosman
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Sleep Apnoea ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Effect Sizes ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Disordered Breathing

AbstractObjective:To assess the quality of life of UK children with sleep-disordered breathing undergoing adenotonsillectomy, by using the Obstructive Sleep Apnoea 18 questionnaire and determining score changes and effect sizes.Design:Prospective, longitudinal study.Setting:The otolaryngology department of a university teaching hospital in Northern England.Participants:Twenty-eight children for whom adenotonsillectomy was planned as treatment for sleep-disordered breathing, and who had either a clinical history consistent with obstructive sleep apnoea or a polysomnographic diagnosis.Main outcome measure:The Obstructive Sleep Apnoea 18 questionnaire, a previously validated, disease-specific quality of life assessment tool; changes in questionnaire scores and effect sizes were assessed.Methods:The Obstructive Sleep Apnoea 18 questionnaire was administered to each child's parent pre-operatively, then again at the follow-up appointment. Questionnaire scores ranged from 1 to 7. Score changes were analysed using the paired t-test; effect sizes were calculated using 95 per cent confidence intervals.Results:Complete data were obtained for 22 children (mean age, 61 months). Ten had undergone pre-operative polysomnography. Twenty-one children underwent adenotonsillectomy (one underwent tonsillectomy). Median follow up was eight weeks (interquartile range, six to 11 weeks). Following surgery, the overall mean score improvement was 2.6 (p < 0.0001) and the mean effect size 2.4 (95 per cent confidence interval 1.9 to 2.8). There were significant improvements in each of the individual questionnaire domains, i.e. sleep disturbance (mean score change 3.9, p < 0.0001), physical suffering (2.2, p < 0.0001), emotional distress (2.0, p = 0.0001), daytime problems (1.8, p = 0.0001) and caregiver concerns (2.6, p < 0.0001).Conclusion:In these children with sleep-disordered breathing treated by adenotonsillectomy, Obstructive Sleep Apnoea 18 questionnaire results indicated significantly improved mean score changes and effect sizes across all questionnaire domains, comparing pre- and post-operative data.

Correlation between REM AHI and Quality-of-Life Scores in Children with Sleep-Disordered Breathing

2014 ◽  
Vol 151 (4) ◽  
pp. 687-691 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina Marie Baldassari ◽  
Lyla Alam ◽  
Maria Vigilar ◽  
James Benke ◽  
Charley Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Disordered Breathing

scholarly journals Prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing related to malocclusion in children

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (16) ◽  
pp. e598101623984
Author(s):  
Fanny Cavalcante Carrijo ◽  
Winicius Arildo Ferreira Araujo ◽  
Iorrana Morais de Oliveira ◽  
Crystina Alcântara Carvalho ◽  
Marcelo Costa Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Clinical Record ◽  
Respiratory Effort ◽  
Disordered Breathing

Sleep-disordered breathing is characterized by airway dysfunction that can occur in any age, but most prevalent in children, caused by the occurrence of respiratory effort, snoring or even by  apnea during sleep. Therefore, the aim of this study was to survey the prevalence of sleep disorders associated with malocclusion in children aged 3 to 12 years in Mineiros, State of Goiás, Brazil. Material and Methods: this is a field research with a sample of 99 children affected by some type of sleep-disordered breathing and malocclusions. Data were collected through a questionnaire about sleep-disordered breathing and a clinical record carried out through intraoral clinical examination. Results: among the 24 children with SDB, 17 had SDB and Malocclusion, which is 70.8% of the children had SDB associated with malocclusion. Of the 75 children without SDB, 11 (14.7%) had malocclusion. Conclusion: No significant differences were found between sleep-disordered breathing and sex-related malocclusions.

scholarly journals Long-Term Impact of Sleep-Disordered Breathing on Quality of Life in Children With Obesity

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (03) ◽  
pp. 451-458 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sherri L. Katz ◽  
Joanna E. MacLean ◽  
Nicholas Barrowman ◽  
Lynda Hoey ◽  
Linda Horwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Disordered Breathing ◽  
Long Term Impact ◽  
Disordered Breathing
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