scholarly journals Das Konzept der umweltbedingten Krankheitslast

2017 ◽  
Vol 80 (02) ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam Tobollik ◽  
Dietrich Plaß ◽  
Nadine Steckling ◽  
Hajo Zeeb ◽  
Dirk Wintermeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Environmental Burden ◽  
Eine Hohe ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Umwelt Und Gesundheit ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Zusammenfassung Ziel der Studie Umweltrisikofaktoren haben häufig eine hohe gesundheitliche Relevanz mit einem großen und z. T. nicht ausreichend genutzten Präventionspotenzial. Das Wissen über die komplexen Wirkungszusammenhänge zwischen Umwelt und Gesundheit ist für einige Umweltrisikofaktoren begrenzt. Ein Instrument, das bestehende Evidenz nutzt, um die gesundheitlichen Auswirkungen für eine Bevölkerung oder Bevölkerungsgruppe zu quantifizieren, ist das Konzept der umweltbedingten Krankheitslast (Environmental Burden of Disease, EBD). Ziel des Beitrages ist es, das Konzept der umweltbedingten Krankheitslast vorzustellen sowie den Nutzen aber auch die Kritikpunkte zu benennen. Methodik EBD fasst Morbiditäts- und Mortalitätsdaten in einem Summenmaß, dem Disability-Adjusted Life Year (DALY), zusammen und ermöglicht eine vergleichende Darstellung von Krankheitslasten. Hierfür werden Lebensjahre als Einheit genutzt. Mithilfe des attributablen Anteils kann ermittelt werden, welcher Anteil der Gesamtkrankheitslast auf umweltbedingte Risikofaktoren zurückzuführen ist. Ergebnisse Das EBD-Konzept wird, trotz seiner zunehmenden Anwendung im internationalen Raum, häufig kritisch diskutiert, da die Einschränkung des mehrdimensionalen Konstrukts Gesundheit in einer Maßzahl zusammengefasst wird. Weitere Kritik bezieht sich auf die sozialen und normativen Konventionen, die das Konzept beinhaltet. Fehlende oder unzureichende Eingangsdaten können zudem die Qualität und Aussagekraft von EBD-Schätzungen limitieren. Schlussfolgerung Es bedarf eines wissenschaftlichen Diskurses, in welchem Rahmen das Konzept in Deutschland genutzt werden kann und sollte.

scholarly journals History and development of national burden of disease assessment in Australia

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynelle Moon ◽  
Michelle Gourley ◽  
John Goss ◽  
Miriam Lum On ◽  
Paula Laws ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Assessment ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
The World ◽  
National Burden ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Abstract Australia’s 1996 national burden of disease (BoD) study was one of the first in the world and updates have continued over the following two decades with the fifth study now underway. The studies adapt the global framework most recently implemented by the Global Burden of Disease Study and the World Health Organization to suit Australia’s specific needs, producing estimates of fatal and non-fatal burden via the Disability Adjusted Life Year (DALY) metric, as well as attribution of the burden to many risk factors. Detailed Australian data are used with minimal reliance on modelling to fill data gaps. Comprehensive estimates are produced, including for the Indigenous population, for each of the eight states and territories, the five remoteness areas and five socioeconomic quintiles. A number of method developments have been made as part of these studies, including redistribution of deaths data and a detailed quality framework for describing the robustness of the underlying data and methods. Data and methods continue to be refined as part of the studies, and developments in global studies and other national studies are incorporated where appropriate.

scholarly journals Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe sanitation in 2015 for 5 to 14 year-old males

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najet Guefradj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

This layer represents the percentage of Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe sanitation in 2015, for 5 to 14 year-old males. Data for other age ranges are also available in the table. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of "healthy" life. The sum of DALYs across a population help to quantify the burden of disease, and to evaluate the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation. Estimates and additional related resources can be found in the Global Burden of Study here: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015 For more information, visit the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website: http://www.healthdata.org/gbd Gender Health Youth

scholarly journals Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe sanitation in 2015 for 5 to 14 year-old females

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najet Guefradj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Old Females

This layer represents the percentage of Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe sanitation in 2015, for 5 to 14 year-old females. Data for other age ranges are also available in the table. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of "healthy" life. The sum of DALYs across a population help to quantify the burden of disease, and to evaluate the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation. Estimates and additional related resources can be found in the Global Burden of Study here: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015 For more information, visit the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website: http://www.healthdata.org/gbd Gender Health Quality

scholarly journals Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to typhoid fever in 2015 for 15-49 year-old males

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najet Guefradj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

This layer represents the percentage of total Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to typhoid fever for 15-49 year-old males in 2015. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of "healthy" life. The sum of DALYs across a population help to quantify the burden of disease, and to evaluate the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation. Estimates and additional related resources can be found in the Global Burden of Study here: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015 For more information, visit the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website: http://www.healthdata.org/gbd Health Youth

scholarly journals Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to the lack of access to handwashing facility in 2015 for 5 to 14 year-old females

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najet Guefradj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year ◽  
Old Females

This layer represents the percentage of Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to the lack of access to handwashing facility for in 2015, for 5 to 14 year-old females. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of "healthy" life. The sum of DALYs across a population help to quantify the burden of disease, and to evaluate the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation. Estimates and additional related resources can be found in the Global Burden of Study here: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015 For more information, visit the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website: http://www.healthdata.org/gbd Gender Health Youth

scholarly journals Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe water, sanitation and handwashing in 2015 for 15-49 year-old males

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najet Guefradj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Unsafe Water ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

This layer represents the percentage of total Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to unsafe water, sanitation and handwashing for 15-49 year-old males in 2015. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of "healthy" life. The sum of DALYs across a population help to quantify the burden of disease, and to evaluate the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation. Estimates and additional related resources can be found in the Global Burden of Study here: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015 For more information, visit the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website: http://www.healthdata.org/gbd Gender Health Youth

scholarly journals Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to paratyphoid fever in 2015 for 5-14 year-old males

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Najet Guefradj
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Current Health ◽  
Current Health Status ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Paratyphoid Fever ◽  
Health Situation ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

This layer represents the percentage of total Disability-Adjusted Life Year attributable to paratyphoid fever for 5-14 year-old males in 2015. One DALY can be thought of as one lost year of "healthy" life. The sum of DALYs across a population help to quantify the burden of disease, and to evaluate the gap between current health status and an ideal health situation. Data for other age ranges are also available in the table. Estimates and additional related resources can be found in the Global Burden of Study here: http://ghdx.healthdata.org/gbd-2015 For more information, visit the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation website: http://www.healthdata.org/gbd Health Quality

Key developments and results from the Australian Burden of Disease Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gourley ◽  
R Juckes ◽  
L Moon
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Global Studies ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Data Gaps ◽  
National Burden ◽  
History Of ◽  
Quality Framework ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Abstract Australia has been at the forefront of national burden of disease study development for more than 20 years. Australia's 1996 national burden of disease study was one of the first in the world and updates have continued over the following two decades with the fifth study now underway. The studies adapt the global framework most recently implemented by the Global Burden of Disease Study to suit Australia's specific needs, producing estimates of fatal and non-fatal burden via the Disability-Adjusted-Life-Year metric, as well as attribution of the burden to many risk factors. Detailed Australian data are used from a range of sources (e.g. death registrations, population surveys, disease registers, hospitalisations and linked health data) with minimal reliance on modelling to fill data gaps. Comprehensive burden of disease estimates are produced, including for the Indigenous population, for each of the eight states and territories, the five remoteness areas and five socioeconomic quintiles. A number of method developments have been made as part of these studies, including redistribution of deaths data and a detailed quality framework for describing the robustness of the underlying data and methods. Data and methods continue to be refined as part of the studies, and developments in global studies and other national studies are incorporated where appropriate. This presentation will describe the history of burden of disease work in Australia, including some of the key method developments made, challenges faced over the years and lessons learned. It will also present some key results from the latest Australian Burden of Disease Study (2015) and how these estimates are being used for population health monitoring, health policy and research in Australia.

scholarly journals The Devils in the DALY: Prevailing Evaluative Assumptions

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 259-274
Author(s):  
Carl Tollef Solberg ◽  
Preben Sørheim ◽  
Karl Erik Müller ◽  
Espen Gamlund ◽  
Ole Frithjof Norheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Global Burden Of Disease ◽  
Global Burden ◽  
Time Discounting ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life ◽  
Disability Adjusted Life Year

Abstract In recent years, it has become commonplace among the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) study authors to regard the disability-adjusted life year (DALY) primarily as a descriptive health metric. During the first phase of the GBD (1990–1996), it was widely acknowledged that the DALY had built-in evaluative assumptions. However, from the publication of the 2010 GBD and onwards, two central evaluative practices—time discounting and age-weighting—have been omitted from the DALY model. After this substantial revision, the emerging view now appears to be that the DALY is primarily a descriptive measure. Our aim in this article is to argue that the DALY, despite changes, remains largely evaluative. Our analysis focuses on the understanding of the DALY by comparing the DALY as a measure of disease burden in the two most significant phases of GBD publications, from their beginning (1990–1996) to the most recent releases (2010–2017). We identify numerous assumptions underlying the DALY and group them as descriptive or evaluative. We conclude that while the DALY model arguably has become more descriptive, it remains, by necessity, largely evaluative.

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