Serotonergic stimulation in relation to approach-avoidance behavior in patients with anxiety disorders and borderline personality disorder

2005 ◽  
Vol 38 (05) ◽  
Author(s):  
UM Hemmeter ◽  
B Nekwasil ◽  
A Thum ◽  
T Schneyer ◽  
M Bender ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Approach Avoidance

scholarly journals Approach and Avoidance Behavior in Female Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Wiesenfeller ◽  
Vera Flasbeck ◽  
Elliot C. Brown ◽  
Martin Brüne
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is portrayed by unstable relationships, fears of abandonment and heightened sensitivity to social rejection. Research has shown that these characteristics may lead to inappropriate social behavior including altered approach-avoidance behavior. However, it has remained unclear how social exclusion may affect approach-avoidance behavior in patients with BPD.DesignWe assessed social approach-avoidance behavior and the impact of social exclusion in a sample of 38 patients with BPD and 40 healthy control participants.MethodsWe used an explicit joystick-based approach-avoidance task (AAT) after playing a virtual ball-tossing game (Cyberball), which simulates the exclusion of the participant by two other players. In the AAT, participants were required to push or pull emotional stimuli, more specifically happy and angry facial expressions, with either direct or averted gaze direction.ResultsPatients with BPD approached happy stimuli less and showed overall less differential approach-avoidance behavior toward individuals expressing positive or negative facial emotions compared to healthy participants, who showed more approach behavior for happy compared to angry facial expressions. Moreover, borderline symptom severity correlated inversely with the AAT score for happy facial expressions and positively with subjective unpleasantness during social exclusion as well as rejection sensitivity. However, social exclusion did not influence approach-avoidance tendencies.ConclusionPatients with BPD showed altered approach-avoidance behavior, which might affect social interactions in the patient’s everyday lives and may therefore impede social interaction.

scholarly journals Oxytocin Normalizes Approach–Avoidance Behavior in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Schneider ◽  
Sabrina Boll ◽  
Inge Volman ◽  
Karin Roelofs ◽  
Angelika Spohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Approach Avoidance

scholarly journals Borderline personality disorder and prior suicide attempts define a severity gradient among hospitalized adolescent suicide attempters

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aveline Aouidad ◽  
David Cohen ◽  
Bojan Mirkovic ◽  
Hugues Pellerin ◽  
Sébastien Garny de La Rivière ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Adolescent Suicide ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Conduct Disorders ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Injury ◽  
History Of ◽  
Clinical Interactions

Abstract Background Borderline personality disorder (BPD) and history of prior suicide attempt (SA) have been shown to be high predictors for subsequent suicide. However, no previous study has examined how both factors interact to modify clinical and suicide severity among adolescents. Methods This study presents a comprehensive assessment of 302 adolescents (265 girls, mean age = 14.7 years) hospitalized after a SA. To test clinical interactions between BPD and history of prior SA, the sample was divided into single attempters without BPD (non-BPD-SA, N = 80), single attempters with BPD (BPD-SA, N = 127) and multiple attempters with BPD (BPD-MA, N = 95). Results Univariate analyses revealed a severity gradient among the 3 groups with an additive effect of BPD on the clinical and suicide severity already conferred by a history of SA. This gradient encompassed categorical (anxiety and conduct disorders and non-suicidal-self-injury [NSSI]) and dimensional comorbidities (substance use and depression severity) and suicide characteristics (age at first SA). According to regression analyses, the BPD-MA group that was associated with the most severe clinical presentation also showed specific features: the first SA at a younger age and a higher prevalence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and anxiety disorders. The BPD-MA group was not associated with higher impulsivity or frequency of negative life events. Conclusions Based on these findings and to improve youth suicide prevention, future studies should systematically consider BPD and the efficacy of reinforcing early interventions for anxiety disorders and NSSI.

Borderline Personality Disorder and the Search for Meaning: An Attachment Perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Disorganized Attachment ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Secure Base ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Cognitive Monitoring

Objective: To explore the links between the attachment theory-derived concept of disorganized attachment, and the psychiatric diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Method: Literature search for characteristics of disorganized attachment. Clinical case material from psychotherapeutic work with patients suffering from BPD. Results: Disorganized attachment can be understood in terms of an approach-avoidance dilemma for infants for whom stressed or traumatized/traumatizing caregivers are simultaneously a source of threat and a secure base. Interpersonal relationships in BPD including those with caregivers is similarly seen in terms of an approach-avoidance dilemma, which manifests itself in disturbed transference/countertransference interactions between therapists and BPD sufferers. Borderline personality disorder sufferers lack meaning in their lives because they are unable to play ‘language games’ with their potential intimates, resorting to actions rather than words to express feelings. Conclusions: Possible ways of handling these phenomena are suggested, based on Main's (1995) notion of ‘meta-cognitive monitoring’, in the hope of re-instating meaning and more stable self-structures, in these patients’ lives.

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