scholarly journals Oxytocin Normalizes Approach–Avoidance Behavior in Women With Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabella Schneider ◽  
Sabrina Boll ◽  
Inge Volman ◽  
Karin Roelofs ◽  
Angelika Spohn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Approach Avoidance

scholarly journals Approach and Avoidance Behavior in Female Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jana Wiesenfeller ◽  
Vera Flasbeck ◽  
Elliot C. Brown ◽  
Martin Brüne
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Avoidance Behavior ◽  
Rejection Sensitivity ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Avoidance Task ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
The Impact

ObjectivesBorderline personality disorder (BPD) is portrayed by unstable relationships, fears of abandonment and heightened sensitivity to social rejection. Research has shown that these characteristics may lead to inappropriate social behavior including altered approach-avoidance behavior. However, it has remained unclear how social exclusion may affect approach-avoidance behavior in patients with BPD.DesignWe assessed social approach-avoidance behavior and the impact of social exclusion in a sample of 38 patients with BPD and 40 healthy control participants.MethodsWe used an explicit joystick-based approach-avoidance task (AAT) after playing a virtual ball-tossing game (Cyberball), which simulates the exclusion of the participant by two other players. In the AAT, participants were required to push or pull emotional stimuli, more specifically happy and angry facial expressions, with either direct or averted gaze direction.ResultsPatients with BPD approached happy stimuli less and showed overall less differential approach-avoidance behavior toward individuals expressing positive or negative facial emotions compared to healthy participants, who showed more approach behavior for happy compared to angry facial expressions. Moreover, borderline symptom severity correlated inversely with the AAT score for happy facial expressions and positively with subjective unpleasantness during social exclusion as well as rejection sensitivity. However, social exclusion did not influence approach-avoidance tendencies.ConclusionPatients with BPD showed altered approach-avoidance behavior, which might affect social interactions in the patient’s everyday lives and may therefore impede social interaction.

Borderline Personality Disorder and the Search for Meaning: An Attachment Perspective

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 524-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Holmes
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Interpersonal Relationships ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Disorganized Attachment ◽  
Language Games ◽  
Secure Base ◽  
Search For Meaning ◽  
Approach Avoidance ◽  
Cognitive Monitoring

Objective: To explore the links between the attachment theory-derived concept of disorganized attachment, and the psychiatric diagnosis of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Method: Literature search for characteristics of disorganized attachment. Clinical case material from psychotherapeutic work with patients suffering from BPD. Results: Disorganized attachment can be understood in terms of an approach-avoidance dilemma for infants for whom stressed or traumatized/traumatizing caregivers are simultaneously a source of threat and a secure base. Interpersonal relationships in BPD including those with caregivers is similarly seen in terms of an approach-avoidance dilemma, which manifests itself in disturbed transference/countertransference interactions between therapists and BPD sufferers. Borderline personality disorder sufferers lack meaning in their lives because they are unable to play ‘language games’ with their potential intimates, resorting to actions rather than words to express feelings. Conclusions: Possible ways of handling these phenomena are suggested, based on Main's (1995) notion of ‘meta-cognitive monitoring’, in the hope of re-instating meaning and more stable self-structures, in these patients’ lives.

Emotion-Oriented Coping Style Predicts Self-Harm in Response to Acute Psychiatric Hospitalization

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Jacqueline M. Frei ◽  
Vladimir Sazhin ◽  
Melissa Fick ◽  
Keong Yap
Keyword(s):  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalization ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Psychiatric Inpatients ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Coping Behaviors ◽  
Self Harm

Abstract. Psychiatric hospitalization can cause significant distress for patients. Research has shown that to cope with the stress, patients sometimes resort to self-harm. Given the paucity of research on self-harm among psychiatric inpatients, a better understanding of transdiagnostic processes as predictors of self-harm during psychiatric hospitalization is needed. The current study examined whether coping styles predicted self-harm after controlling for commonly associated factors, such as age, gender, and borderline personality disorder. Participants were 72 patients (mean age = 39.32 years, SD = 12.29, 64% male) admitted for inpatient treatment at a public psychiatric hospital in Sydney, Australia. Participants completed self-report measures of coping styles and ward-specific coping behaviors, including self-harm, in relation to coping with the stress of acute hospitalization. Results showed that younger age, diagnosis of borderline personality disorder, and higher emotion-oriented coping were associated with self-harm. After controlling for age and borderline personality disorder, higher levels of emotion-oriented coping were found to be a significant predictor of self-harm. Findings were partially consistent with hypotheses; emotion-oriented but not avoidance-oriented coping significantly predicted self-harm. This finding may help to identify and provide psychiatric inpatients who are at risk of self-harm with appropriate therapeutic interventions.

Comparison of Three Questionnaires to Screen for Borderline Personality Disorder in Adolescents and Young Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne van Alebeek ◽  
Paul T. van der Heijden ◽  
Christel Hessels ◽  
Melissa S.Y. Thong ◽  
Marcel van Aken
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults ◽  
Patient Questionnaire ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Axis Ii ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

Abstract. One of the most common personality disorders among adolescents and young adults is the Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). The objective of current study was to assess three questionnaires that can reliably screen for BPD in adolescents and young adults (N = 53): the McLean Screening Instrument for BPD (MSI-BPD; Zanarini et al., 2003 ), the Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire 4th edition – BPD scale (PDQ-4 BPD; Hyler, 1994 ), and the SCID-II Patient Questionnaire – BPD scale (SCID-II-PQ BPD). The nine criteria of BPD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV; APA, 1994 ) were measured with the Structural Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II disorders – BPD scale (SCID-II; First, Spitzer, Gibbon, Williams, & Benjamin, 1995 ). Correlations between the questionnaires and the SCID-II were calculated. In addition, the sensitivity and specificity of the questionnaires were tested. All instruments predicted the BPD diagnosis equally well.

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