Sustainable Governance of Livelihoods in Rural Africa: A place-based response to globalism in Africa

Kofi Anani

doi:10.1057/palgrave.development.1110037

Essays on the Political Economy of Rural Africa

10.1017/cbo9780511558740 ◽

1983 ◽

Cited By ~ 150

Author(s):

Robert H. Bates

Keyword(s):

Political Economy ◽

The Political ◽

Rural Africa

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Tuberculosis: Diagnostic Challenges in Rural Africa

Praxis ◽

10.1024/1661-8157/a003355 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 108 (15) ◽

pp. 991-996

Author(s):

Ngisi Masawa ◽

Farida Bani ◽

Robert Ndege

Keyword(s):

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis ◽

X Ray ◽

Molecular Tests ◽

Rural Settings ◽

Chest X Ray ◽

Screening Questions ◽

Rural Africa ◽

Tb Diagnostics ◽

Strip Test ◽

Urine Strip

Abstract. Tuberculosis (TB) remains among the top 10 infectious diseases with highest mortality globally since the 1990s despite effective chemotherapy. Among 10 million patients that fell ill with tuberculosis in the year 2017, 36 % were undiagnosed or detected and not reported; the number goes as high as 55 % in Tanzania, showing that the diagnosis of TB is a big challenge in the developing countries. There have been great advancements in TB diagnostics with introduction of the molecular tests such as Xpert MTB/RIF, loop-mediated isothermal amplification, lipoarabinomannan urine strip test, and molecular line-probe assays. However, most of the hospitals in Tanzania still rely on the TB score chart in children, the WHO screening questions in adults, acid-fast bacilli and chest x-ray for the diagnosis of TB. Xpert MTB/RIF has been rolled-out but remains a challenge in settings where the samples for testing must be transported over many kilometers. Imaging by sonography – nowadays widely available even in rural settings of Tanzania – has been shown to be a useful tool in the diagnosis of extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Despite all the efforts and new diagnostics, 30–50 % of patients in high-burden TB countries are still empirically treated for tuberculosis. More efforts need to be placed if we are to reduce the death toll by 90 % until 2030.

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Adaptive Safety Nets for Rural Africa: Drought-Sensitive Targeting with Sparse Data

10.1596/1813-9450-9071 ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Javier E. Baez ◽

Varun Kshirsagar ◽

Emmanuel Skoufias

Keyword(s):

Sparse Data ◽

Safety Nets ◽

Rural Africa

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Employment Generation in Rural Africa

10.1596/26827 ◽

2011 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christopher Blattman ◽

Nathan Fiala ◽

Sebastian Martinez

Keyword(s):

Employment Generation ◽

Rural Africa

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Grains from Grass: Aging, Gender, and Famine in Rural Africa, Lisa Cliggett

Africa Today ◽

10.2979/aft.2007.53.4.109 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 109-110

Author(s):

Miriam S. Chaiken

Keyword(s):

Rural Africa

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Agriculture, Diversification, and Gender in Rural Africa: What Lessons Can We Learn?

10.1093/oso/9780198799283.003.0011 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Agnes Andersson Djurfeldt ◽

Fred Mawunyo Dzanku ◽

Aida Cuthbert Isinika

Keyword(s):

Gender Gap ◽

Cash Income ◽

Crop Diversification ◽

Grain Production ◽

The Past ◽

Development Agenda ◽

Yield Gaps ◽

Rural Africa ◽

And Gender ◽

High Share

Smallholder-friendly messages, albeit not always translated into action, returned strongly to the development agenda over a decade ago. Smallholders’ livelihoods encompass social and economic realities outside agriculture, however, providing opportunities as well as challenges for the smallholder model. While smallholders continue to straddle the farm and non-farm sectors, the notion of leaving agriculture altogether appears hyperbolic, given the persistently high share of income generated from agriculture noted in the Afrint dataset. Trends over the past fifteen years can be broadly described as increasing dynamism accompanied by rising polarization. Positive trends include increased farm sizes, rising grain production, crop diversification, and increased commercialization, while negative trends include stagnation of yields, persistent yield gaps, gendered landholding inequalities, gendered agricultural asset inequalities, growing gendered commercialization inequalities, and an emerging gender gap in cash income. Regional nuances in trends reinforce the need for spatial contextualization of linkages between the farm and non-farm sectors.

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