First molecular phylogeny of Laevicaudata (Crustacea: Branchiopoda) with description of a new species of Lynceus from Chile and an updated key to species in the Americas

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zandra M. S. Sigvardt ◽  
D. Christopher Rogers ◽  
Patricio De los Ríos ◽  
Ferran Palero ◽  
Jørgen Olesen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Cross Contamination ◽  
Key To Species ◽  
Australian Species ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
America South ◽  
A New Species

The first molecular phylogeny of Lynceus (Crustacea: Branchiopoda: Laevicaudata) is presented together with a description of a new species of laevicaudatan branchiopod from Chile, Lynceus huentelauquensis, sp. nov. DNA sequences were obtained from six species of Lynceus using freshly collected specimens from Europe, North America, South America, and Australia and combined with GenBank sequences from previous studies. Specimens of the new species were collected from a pool on the Huentelauquén Plains near Huentelauquén City. Our molecular analyses placed L. huentelauquensis, sp. nov. within Lynceus and close to a cluster of Australian species, and revealed morphological misidentifications, cross-contamination, or incorrect upload in earlier GenBank sequences. L. huentelauquensis, sp. nov. is separated from other Lynceus primarily by the morphology of the rostrum and the male claspers. L. huentelauquensis, sp. nov. is the first described laevicaudatan from Chile, the sixth from South America, and the 13th from the Americas. The morphology of laevicaudatans from the Americas is reviewed and an updated key to the (male) Lynceidae of the region is provided. Our study highlights the necessity of a revision of Laevicaudata using multiple genetic markers as well as thorough morphological studies on a greater number of taxa. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:9A783D96-B270-40DF-8361-11BA063C9A0F

Leptolejeunea nigra (Lejeuneaceae), a new species with brownish black ocelli based upon morphology and DNA sequences

Phytotaxa ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 427 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
LEI SHU ◽  
RUI-LIANG ZHU
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Time Span ◽  
Molecular Dating ◽  
Molecular Phylogenetic ◽  
Brownish Black ◽  
A New Species

Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and morphological characters, a new species from Bangladesh, northern Vietnam, and southwestern China, Leptolejeunea nigra, is described. It is mostly similar to L. balansae but remarkable for having brownish black ocelli in its leaf lobes. In the molecular phylogeny, the samples of L. nigra are not nested within any clade and form an independent lineage. In particular, the molecular dating suggested that the divergence of L. nigra happened in time span of the formation of the Himalayas.

A new species of Deltamys Thomas, 1917 (Rodentia: Cricetidae) endemic to the southern Brazilian Araucaria Forest and notes on the expanded phylogeographic scenario of D. kempi 

Zootaxa ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 4294 (1) ◽  
pp. 71 ◽  
Author(s):  
FERNANDO MARQUES QUINTELA ◽  
FABRÍCIO BERTUOL ◽  
ENRIQUE MANUEL GONZÁLEZ ◽  
PEDRO CORDEIRO-ESTRELA ◽  
THALES RENATO OCHOTORENA DE FREITAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Posterior Margin ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Patos Lagoon ◽  
Araucaria Forest ◽  
Phylogeographic Break ◽  
Skull Measurements ◽  
A New Species

Deltamys is a monotypic sigmodontine rodent from the Pampas of South America. In addition to the formally recognized D. kempi that inhabits lowlands, an undescribed form Deltamys sp. 2n=40 was recently found in the highlands of southeastern Brazil. In the present study, we perform a phylogeographic reassessment of Deltamys and describe a third form of the genus, endemic to the Brazilian Araucaria Forest. We describe this new species based on an integrative analysis, using complete cytochrome b DNA sequences, karyology and morphology. Bayesian tree recovered two allopatric clades (lowlands vs. highlands) and three lineages: (i) the lowland D. kempi, (ii) the highland Deltamys sp. 2n=40, and (iii) Deltamys araucaria sp. n. Deltamys araucaria sp. n. is karyotypically (2n=34) and morphologically distinguishable from D. kempi (2n=37-38), showing a tawnier dorsum/flank pelage, presence of a protostyle, M1 alveolus positioned anteriorly to the posterior margin of the zygomatic plate, and several other distinguishing characteristics. A phylogeographic assessment of D. kempi recovered two haplogroups with significant differences in skull measurements. This phylogeographic break seems to have been shaped by the Patos Lagoon estuarine channel. The diversification in Deltamys might have been triggered by dispersal of older lineages over different altitudinal ranges in the Paraná geological basin. 

Pseudohydnum brunneiceps (Auriculariales, Basidiomycota), a new species from Central China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 441 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-94
Author(s):  
YAN-LIU CHEN ◽  
MING-SHENG SU ◽  
LIN-PING ZHANG ◽  
QIN ZOU ◽  
FEI WU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Central China ◽  
Jiangxi Province ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Representative Samples

Pseudohydnum brunneiceps is described as a new species from Jiangxi Province, central China. Morphologically, it is characterized by a gelatinous basidiocarps, pilei pale yellowish brown, dark reddish brown to blackish velutinate, spines conical and white, and basidiospores globose to broadly ellipsoidal. Phylogenetic analyses of DNA sequences from partial 28S region and internal transcribed spacer (ITS) also confirm that P. brunneiceps forms an independent lineage within Pseudohydnum. A description, photographs of the fresh basidiomata and line-drawings of the microstructures are provided. In addition, the previous records of P. gelatinosum in China should be re-evaluated by more representative samples by molecular phylogeny.

Pourouma bergii (Urticaceae), a new species from South America

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 173 (2) ◽  
pp. 168
Author(s):  
André Luiz Gaglioti ◽  
SERGIO ROMANIUC NETO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Conservation Assessment ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
A New Species

During the course of the taxonomic revision and molecular phylogeny of Pourouma, we encountered a new species from Peru and Ecuador. P. bergii Gaglioti & Romaniucis here described, illustrated and its morphological similarities to P. tomentosa subsp. persecta and P. petiolulata are discussed. A Conservation Assessment determines P. bergii to be Data Deficient (DD).

scholarly journals A revision of the Monodelphis glirina group (Didelphidae: Marmosini), with a description of a new species from Roraima, Brazil

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia E Pavan
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographic Variation ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Formal Description ◽  
Group Information ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Emended Diagnosis

Abstract Short-tailed opossums of the nominotypical subgenus Monodelphis occur throughout most of the cis-Andean lowlands of tropical South America. Among its member species, a monophyletic group that includes M. glirina (Amazonian red-sided opossum), M. sanctaerosae (Santa Rosa short-tailed opossum), and an unnamed taxon, herein referred to as the Monodelphis glirina group, is the focus of this paper. I provide an emended diagnosis for species of the group, information about geographic variation in M. glirina (including M. maraxina [Marajó short-tailed opossum]), and a formal description for the unnamed taxon mentioned above. The new species, known from two savanna localities in northeastern Roraima, is geographically disjunct from its closer relatives, M. glirina and M. sanctaerosae, only known to occur south of the Amazon. The new species differs from other congeneric taxa by a set of morphological characters and by DNA sequences. Cuícas-de-cauda-curta do subgênero nominotípico Monodelphis ocorrem na maior parte das planícies cis-Andinas da América do Sul tropical. Dentre as espécies membro, o grupo monofilético que inclui M. glirina, M. sanctarosae, e um táxon ainda não descrito, referido como grupo Monodelphis glirina, é o foco do presente estudo. Aqui são fornecidas diagnoses emendadas para as espécies do grupo, informações sobre variação geográfica em M. glirina (incluindo M. maraxina), e descrição formal para o novo táxon mencionado acima. A nova espécie, conhecida de duas localidades de savana no nordeste de Roraima, encontra-se geograficamente disjunta das espécies mais proximamente relacionadas, M. glirina e M. sanctaerosae, somente conhecidas para a porção sul da Amazônia. A nova espécie difere das demais espécies congenéricas por um conjunto de características morfológicas e por sequências de DNA.

Molecular phylogeny and morphology reveal a new species of Amauroderma (Basidiomycota) from China

Phytotaxa ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 260 (1) ◽  
pp. 47 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIE SONG ◽  
JIA-HUI XING ◽  
CONY DECOCK ◽  
XIAO-LAN HE ◽  
BAO-KAI CUI
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Pore Surface ◽  
Ribosomal Rna Gene ◽  
A New Species

The phylogeny of Amauroderma and related genera were studied using DNA sequences from the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and 28S nuclear ribosomal RNA gene regions. Amauroderma concentricum sp. nov. is described. The species is characterized by the yellowish brown to reddish brown pileal surface with concentric zones, a white pore surface unchanged when bruised, single to multiple stipes, small pores (4–5 per mm), and subglobose to globose and double-walled basidiospores, 8–9.2 × 7.2–8 µm. The phylogenetic analysis presented here confirmed that Amauroderma as traditionally accepted is not monophyletic.

Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny of the East and Southeast Asian Meghimatium slugs (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Philomycidae) and description of a new species

Zootaxa ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2890 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHI-LI TSAI ◽  
CHUNG-CHENG LU ◽  
HSIAO-WEI KAO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Molecular Phylogeny ◽  
Ribosomal Rna ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Monophyletic Group ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Evolutionary Trend ◽  
Rna Genes ◽  
A New Species

Meghimatium is a group of terrestrial slugs distributed in Asia. 185 specimens were collected from Taiwan, China, Okinawa (Japan), Thailand and Malaysia. Phylogenetic analyses using concatenated DNA sequences of cytochrome C oxidase subunit I, 16S ribosomal RNA and nuclear 28S ribosomal RNA genes revealed that clades in the resulting molecular phylogeny of Meghimatium are largely congruent with taxa identified on the basis of their genitalia. Four monophyletic groups, i.e., the M. fruhstorferi, M. burchi, M. uniforme and M. striatum complexes, with moderate to strong statistical supports (86/53/0.98/66, 100/100/1.00/100, 100/100/1.00/100, 100/100/1.00/100) were identified. M. pictum is paraphyletic and is clustered with M. bilineatum to constitute an additional monophyletic group (100/100/1.00/100). Body size does not show an evolutionary trend either from small to large or vice versa, based on the phylogenetic tree. A new species, M. baoshanense sp. nov., is named based on the included specimens constituting a monophyletic group, its medium size (40.1–52.7 mm in body length) and its genitalia with 10–18 papillae at the lower end of the spermathecal duct where it connects to the uterus and vagina.

Description and phylogenetic relationships of a new trans-Andean species of Elachistocleis Parker 1927 (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4779 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-340
Author(s):  
JUAN C. SÁNCHEZ-NIVICELA ◽  
PEDRO L. V. PELOSO ◽  
VERÓNICA L. URGILES ◽  
MARIO H. YÁNEZ-MUÑOZ ◽  
YERKA SAGREDO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
South America ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
Mitochondrial Genes ◽  
12S Rrna ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Southern Ecuador ◽  
A New Species

Elachistocleis is a Neotropical genus of microhylid frogs with 18 species, most of which occur east of the Andes in South America. Here, we present a new phylogeny of Gastrophryninae and describe and name a new species of Elachistocleis from southern Ecuador—the first to be found west of the Andes and also the first from Ecuador. Our phylogeny is based on DNA sequences of the mitochondrial genes 12S rRNA, 16S rRNA, COI, and the nuclear genes BDNF, cmyc2, H3A, 28S, SIA1, and Tyr. Elachistocleis araios sp. n., is the sister species of all other Elachistocleis. The finding of this taxon highlights the probability of the existence of more Elachistocleis species west of the Andes. 

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