13. Reported speech in Egyptian

AbstractBefore accepting claims of the function of linguistic stylization, it is imperative that we are certain of what we are examining. Mikhail Bakhtin's widely cited definition that stylization is an “artistic representation of another's linguistic style” (1986:362) leaves unclear what counts as “artistic,” making identifying stylizations simultaneously intuitively obvious and empirically illusive. Drawing from 270 hours of data from a radio program, the current study uses interactional discourse and acoustic analyses to compare one disc jockey's exaggerations of ethnically salient accents (stylizations) with his mundane use of reported speech. The analyses demonstrate that in both types of talk he uses a similar bundle of interactional and acoustic resources to design his talk as belonging to someone else. The link between reported and stylized speech places stylizations in an analytical category distinct from that of crossing and its issues of language ownership. The pertinent questions are those of speaker responsibility. (Crossing, stylization, reported speech, discourse analysis, acoustic analysis)*

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Embedded discourse spaces in narrative reports

Discourse Studies ◽

10.1177/1461445619893776 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 221-240

Author(s):

Anna Ewa Wieczorek

Keyword(s):

Bill Clinton ◽

Space Theory ◽

Presentation Of Self ◽

Reported Speech ◽

Image Construction ◽

Positive Image ◽

Narrative Representations ◽

Presidential Speeches

This article aims to discuss conceptual levels of narrative representations of utterances based on reported speech frames employed in presidential speeches. It adopts some assumptions from Chilton’s Deictic Space Theory and Cap’s Proximisation Theory, both primarily used to indicate exclusive reference, a clash of interests and threat-oriented conceptualisation of events. This article, however, extends their scope to include strategies for inclusion and positive image construction and makes a distinction between primary, secondary and tertiary embedding as discursive means that contribute to presentation of self and legitimisation. Data for this research comprise a corpus of 125 presidential speeches (25 per tenure) divided into three subcorpora: JKC – John Kennedy Corpus, BCC – Bill Clinton Corpus, and BOC – Barrack Obama Corpus. A total of 1251 instances of narrative reports have been analysed to investigate primary and multilevel embedding, which constitute the basis for this study.

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Perception Mechanism of Bone-Conducted Ultrasound and Its Clinical Use

Audiology Research ◽

10.3390/audiolres11020022 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 244-253

Author(s):

Tadashi Nishimura ◽

Tadao Okayasu ◽

Akinori Yamashita ◽

Hiroshi Hosoi ◽

Tadashi Kitahara

Keyword(s):

Hearing Aids ◽

Hearing Aid ◽

Bone Conduction ◽

Speech Signals ◽

Clinical Use ◽

Reported Speech ◽

Sound Therapy ◽

Profound Deafness ◽

Tinnitus Treatment

It is generally believed that ultrasound cannot be heard. However, ultrasound is audible when it is presented through bone conduction. Bone-conducted ultrasound (BCU) has unique characteristics; the most interesting is its perception in patients with profound deafness. Some patients can perceive it and discriminate speech-modulated BCU. Previous reports have suggested that BCU can be used for a hearing aid or tinnitus sound therapy. In this review, the perception of BCU at both the peripheral and central levels was investigated based on previous studies, although some of them remain controversial. We also investigated the clinical use of BCU. To develop hearing aids utilizing BCU, the encoding of speech signals into BCU has to be established. The outcomes of the reported speech modulations were evaluated. Furthermore, the suppression of tinnitus by BCU was reviewed, and the feasibility of the application of BCU to tinnitus treatment was investigated.

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