Inter-rater reliability of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale in assessing lower limb muscle spasticity

Brain Injury ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 815-819 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nastaran Ghotbi ◽  
Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari ◽  
Soofia Naghdi ◽  
Scott Hasson ◽  
Boushra Jamshidpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Modified Ashworth Scale ◽  
Ashworth Scale

Intra-rater reliability of the Modified Modified Ashworth Scale (MMAS) in the assessment of upper-limb muscle spasticity

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noureddin Nakhostin Ansari ◽  
Soofia Naghdi ◽  
Masoud Mashayekhi ◽  
Scott Hasson ◽  
Zahra Fakhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Modified Ashworth Scale ◽  
Ashworth Scale

scholarly journals CORP: Measurement of upper and lower limb muscle strength and voluntary activation

2019 ◽  
Vol 126 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
James L. Nuzzo ◽  
Janet L. Taylor ◽  
Simon C. Gandevia
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Attentional Focus ◽  
Time Of Day ◽  
Voluntary Activation ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Maximal Force

Muscle strength, the maximal force-generating capacity of a muscle or group of muscles, is regularly assessed in physiological experiments and clinical trials. An understanding of the expected variation in strength and the factors that contribute to this variation is important when designing experiments, describing methodologies, interpreting results, and attempting to replicate methods of others and reproduce their findings. In this review (Cores of Reproducibility in Physiology), we report on the intra- and inter-rater reliability of tests of upper and lower limb muscle strength and voluntary activation in humans. Isometric, isokinetic, and isoinertial strength exhibit good intra-rater reliability in most samples (correlation coefficients ≥0.90). However, some tests of isoinertial strength exhibit systematic bias that is not resolved by familiarization. With the exception of grip strength, few attempts have been made to examine inter-rater reliability of tests of muscle strength. The acute factors most likely to affect muscle strength and serve as a source of its variation from trial-to-trial or day-to-day include attentional focus, breathing technique, remote muscle contractions, rest periods, temperature (core, muscle), time of day, visual feedback, body and limb posture, body stabilization, acute caffeine consumption, dehydration, pain, fatigue from preceding exercise, and static stretching >60 s. Voluntary activation, the nervous system’s ability to drive a muscle to create its maximal force, exhibits good intra-rater reliability when examined with twitch interpolation (correlation coefficients >0.80). However, inter-rater reliability has not been formally examined. The methodological factors most likely to influence voluntary activation are myograph compliance and sensitivity; stimulation location, intensity, and inadvertent stimulation of antagonists; joint angle (muscle length); and the resting twitch.

Reliability and validity of hand-held dynamometry for assessing lower limb muscle strength

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tjaša Lipovšek ◽  
Alan Kacin ◽  
Urška Puh
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Knee Extensors ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Extensor Muscles ◽  
Good For ◽  
Muscle Groups

BACKGROUND: Hand-held dynamometry (HHD) is used to assess muscle strength in various patient populations, but many variations in protocols exist. OBJECTIVE: First, to systematically develop a protocol of HHD for all lower limb muscle groups and evaluate intra-rater reliability; second, to validate HHD with fixed dynamometry for the knee flexor and extensor muscles. METHODS: Thirty healthy young adults (women: men – 15:15) participated in two testing sessions. HHD of 12 lower limb muscle groups was performed in both sessions, while fixed dynamometry of knee muscle groups was performed only in the second session. RESULTS: The intra-rater reliability of HHD was good for five muscle groups and excellent for seven muscle groups (ICC3, k= 0.80–0.96). The criterion validity of HHD ranged from very good to excellent for the knee flexors (r= 0.77–0.89) and from good to very good for the knee extensors (r= 0.65–0.78). However, peak moment values for the knee extensor muscles were underestimated by 32% (p< 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The proposed HHD protocol provides reliable and valid measurements of lower limb muscle isometric strength in healthy adults, which may also be used to test patients with mild muscle strength deficits. However, possible underestimation of absolute strength must be considered when interpreting the results of knee extensors or other large muscles.

scholarly journals A Study of Inter-rater Reliability of Lower Limb Muscle Strength Measurements Using a Hand-held Dynamometer in Patients with Hip Fracture

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 196-201
Author(s):  
Yuji KAWABATA ◽  
Yasuhiro SUMIKAWA ◽  
Mami YOSHINAKA ◽  
Satoshi TAKECHI ◽  
Keita GOTO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Rater Reliability

The modified modified ashworth scale (MMAS) in the assessment of muscle spasticity: Intra-rater reliability

2013 ◽  
Vol 333 ◽  
pp. e552 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nakhostin Ansari ◽  
S. Naghdi ◽  
M. Mashayekhi ◽  
S. Hasson ◽  
Z. Fakhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rater Reliability ◽  
Muscle Spasticity ◽  
Modified Ashworth Scale ◽  
Ashworth Scale

4 Case Reports On Patients with Acute Lower Limb Muscle Weakness Treated by Spinal Mobilization With Leg Movement(SMWLM) Combined with Korean Medicine Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-73
Author(s):  
Young-Joo Moon ◽  
Won-Bin Shin ◽  
Gwang-Hyun Ryu ◽  
Ji-Yun Lee ◽  
Hyun-A Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Weakness ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Lower Limb Muscle ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Korean Medicine ◽  
Leg Movement
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