Selective Interference with Verbal Short-Term Memory for Serial Order Information: A New Paradigm and Tests of a Timing-Signal Hypothesis

A total of 300 university students were presented a brief list of non-alphanumeric items and instructed to recall immediately either the items (free recall, FR), the order in which the items were presented (order recall, OR), or both (serial recall, SR). Presentation rate and retention interval were additional experimental variables in Exp. I and II, respectively. In both experiments significant differences in recall were found between FR conditions and the remaining two, which did not differ from each other. More items were recalled at the slow than fas: rate. Retention interval was not a significant variable. Results suggest that retention will improve when order information is eliminated from recall (Brown, 1958), that the recall of item and order information involve at least partially independent memory processes, and that, while the recall of items may proceed independently of the recall of their order, the converse is not true.

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Item and order information in short-term memory: Evidence for multilevel perturbation processes.

Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory ◽

10.1037/0278-7393.7.3.149 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 149-169 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Catherine L. Lee ◽

William K. Estes

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Order Information ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory

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Adult age differences in short-term memory for serial order: Data and a model.

Psychology and Aging ◽

10.1037/0882-7974.14.4.572 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 14 (4) ◽

pp. 572-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Elizabeth A. Maylor ◽

Janet I. Vousden ◽

Gordon D. A. Brown

Keyword(s):

Age Differences ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Serial Order ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Adult Age ◽

Adult Age Differences

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Short term memory for serial order: unraveling individual differences in the use of processes and changes across tasks

Frontiers in Psychology ◽

10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00589 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

Author(s):

Gabriela V. Koppenol-Gonzalez ◽

Samantha Bouwmeester ◽

Jeroen K. Vermunt

Keyword(s):

Individual Differences ◽

Short Term Memory ◽

Serial Order ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory

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The Commonality of Neural Networks for Verbal and Visual Short-term Memory

Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience ◽

10.1162/jocn.2009.21378 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 22 (11) ◽

pp. 2570-2593 ◽

Cited By ~ 106

Author(s):

Steve Majerus ◽

Arnaud D'Argembeau ◽

Trecy Martinez Perez ◽

Sanaâ Belayachi ◽

Martial Van der Linden ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Short Term Memory ◽

Serial Order ◽

Item Information ◽

Intraparietal Sulcus ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Memory ◽

Modality Effects ◽

Visual Short Term Memory ◽

Processing And Storage ◽

The Right

Although many neuroimaging studies have considered verbal and visual short-term memory (STM) as relying on neurally segregated short-term buffer systems, the present study explored the existence of shared neural correlates supporting verbal and visual STM. We hypothesized that networks involved in attentional and executive processes, as well as networks involved in serial order processing, underlie STM for both verbal and visual list information, with neural specificity restricted to sensory areas involved in processing the specific items to be retained. Participants were presented sequences of nonwords or unfamiliar faces, and were instructed to maintain and recognize order or item information. For encoding and retrieval phases, null conjunction analysis revealed an identical fronto-parieto-cerebellar network comprising the left intraparietal sulcus, bilateral dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the bilateral cerebellum, irrespective of information type and modality. A network centered around the right intraparietal sulcus supported STM for order information, in both verbal and visual modalities. Modality-specific effects were observed in left superior temporal and mid-fusiform areas associated with phonological and orthographic processing during the verbal STM tasks, and in right hippocampal and fusiform face processing areas during the visual STM tasks, wherein these modality effects were most pronounced when storing item information. The present results suggest that STM emerges from the deployment of modality-independent attentional and serial ordering processes toward sensory networks underlying the processing and storage of modality-specific item information.

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