Tactical Urbanism: Short-term Action for Long-term Change

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 406-407
Author(s):  
Natalie Osborne
2011 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. S167-S168
Author(s):  
W. Wirth ◽  
C.E. McCulloch ◽  
J. Lynch ◽  
M. Nevitt ◽  
C.K. Kwoh ◽  
...  

2006 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN M. ANDERIES

Societies frequently generate public infrastructure and institutional arrangements in order to mediate short-term environmental fluctuations. However, the social and ecological consequences of activities dealing with short-term disturbances may increase the vulnerability of the system to infrequent events or to long-term change in patterns of short-term variability. Exploring this possibility requires the study of long-term, transformational change. The archaeological record provides many examples of long-term change, such as the Hohokam who occupied the Phoenix Basin for over a thousand years and developed a complex irrigation society. In the eleventh and fourteenth centuries, the Hohokam society experienced reductions in complexity and scale possibly associated with regional climatic events. We apply a framework designed to explore robustness in coupled social-ecological systems to the Hohokam Cultural Sequence. Based on this analysis, a stylized formal model is developed to explore the possibility that the success of the Hohokam irrigation system and associated social structure may have increased their vulnerability to rare climactic shocks.


2005 ◽  
Vol 62 (11) ◽  
pp. 3974-3992 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Dominique Möller ◽  
Lloyd J. Shapiro

Abstract While previous idealized studies have demonstrated the importance of asymmetric atmospheric features in the intensification of a symmetric tropical cyclone vortex, the role of convectively generated asymmetries in creating changes in the azimuthally averaged cyclone is not well understood. In the present study the full-physics nonhydrostatic fifth-generation Pennsylvania State University–National Center for Atmospheric Research (PSU–NCAR) Mesoscale Model (MM5) is used to evaluate the influence of such asymmetries. Rather than adding winds and temperatures in balance with a specified potential vorticity (PV) asymmetry, or temperature perturbations themselves, to a symmetric vortex as in previous studies, a diabatic heating asymmetry is imposed on a spunup model hurricane. The impact of short-duration eyewall-scale monochromatic azimuthal wavenumber diabatic heating on the short- and long-term evolution of the azimuthally averaged vortex is evaluated, and a tangential wind budget is made to determine the mechanisms responsible for the short-term impact. It is found that the small eddy kick created by the additional diabatic heating asymmetry leads to a substantially amplified long-term change in the azimuthally averaged vortex, with episodes of strong relative weakening and strengthening following at irregular intervals. This behavior is diabatically controlled. It is also found that the symmetric secondary circulation can be active in creating short-term changes in the vortex, and is not simply a passive response as in previous studies with dry physics. A central conclusion of the study is that the structure of the spunup hurricane vortex, in particular preexisting asymmetric features, can have a substantial influence on the character of the response to an additional diabatic heating asymmetry. The results also imply that a small change in the factors that control convective activity will have a substantial lasting consequence for the intensification of a hurricane.


2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanying Jiang ◽  
SueAnne Ware ◽  
Wei Gao

Tactical Urbanism is a growing movement across the world in which individuals, communities, and municipalities are improving their cities by using short-term, lowcost, and small-scale interventions and policies to catalyze long term change. The aim of this paper is to test the principle sand the approach of tactical urbanism to solve Guangzhou’slocalpublicspacesproblemsbyshowcasingtwotacticalurbanismprojects which have been completed in the Guangzhou urban context. These two cases reveal the opportunities that bottom-up approaches like tactical urbanism can build a bridge to conjunct with long term planning efforts and complete the top-down mechanisms. IntheZhusigangcommunitycase,we examine the spontaneous unplanned practices in the local community,which resemble“Tacticalurbanism” principles,and their spatial appropriation and utilization of marginalized community spaces. We assess how and where daily activities are happening and what other amenities could be provide by temporarily introducing these activities into a local gallery space. In the former textile factory case, we present examples that make the case for temporary, flexible and experimental responses to urban vacant land, then conclude by outlining the potential benefits and drawbacks of this temporary use model. This paper explores the existing practices of appropriation and the potential of temporary occupation in the city and concludes with thoughts on how tactical urbanism, an international movement, might gain a foothold in the context of local Chinese communities


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