scholarly journals Social benefit cost analysis of ecosystem-based climate change adaptations: a community-level case study in Tanna Island, Vanuatu

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 495-510 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Buckwell ◽  
Dan Ware ◽  
Christopher Fleming ◽  
James C. R. Smart ◽  
Brendan Mackey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Community Level ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost

scholarly journals Midblock U-Turn and Elevated U-Turn Safety and Economy Comparison: A Case Study Application

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Osama H. Ahmed ◽  
Ibrahim M. I. Ramadan ◽  
Mohamed S. Abdel-Monem
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Traffic Capacity ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Accident Rates ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Study Application ◽  
Two Alternatives

Abstract In Egypt, intersections are encountering congestion and safety problems. Midblock U-turns have been used for solving these problems. The midblock U-turn increased the accidents, besides, it has limited capacity. In the last decade, elevated U-turns have been applied to solve these problems. The extensive use of elevated U-turns has not been accompanied by any research for studying the performance of elevated U-turns with respect to safety and economy. This paper developed a simple framework for comparing elevated and traditional midblock U-turns in terms of safety and economy. The study applied a case study to evaluate the two alternatives using a benefit-cost analysis technique. Although the results show the high cost of the elevated U-turns, it has been demonstrated to be the best solution since they provide the greater traffic capacity and lower accident rates. Accident number reported at elevated U-turns was 59 % less than the number associated with traditional U-turns.

scholarly journals Benefit–Cost Analysis of an Innovative Program for Self-Sufficiency and Homeownership

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 3-40
Author(s):  
George C. Galster ◽  
Anna Maria Santiago ◽  
Richard J. Smith ◽  
Joffre Leroux
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Home Ownership ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Model Specification ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Housing Subsidy ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Net Benefits ◽  
Benefit Cost

Background: Federal policy has increasingly sought to build financial capability, earnings, and assets of subsidized housing recipients. Objective: We conduct a benefit–cost analysis of the Denver Housing Authority’s (DHA) innovative Home Ownership Program (HOP), which incentivizes participants to increase earnings, build wealth, and purchase homes. Research design, subjects, and measures: In assessing HOP participant benefits (earnings, home-buying, and positive exits from DHA), we use parameter estimates from quasi-experimental methods (i.e., propensity score matching) that permit drawing causal inferences of program impacts. Impact estimates are robust to alternate model specification and mostly insensitive to omitted variable bias found in the social sciences. We deploy a comprehensive accounting framework, distinguishing benefits and costs accruing to program participants, nonparticipants (other citizens, taxpayers, and governments), and society as a whole. We use Monte Carlo simulation techniques to approximate distributions of benefit and cost parameters, thereby ascertaining how reliably participation in HOP yielded net benefits compared to if families had continued to receive housing assistance during the same period. Results: We estimate a net social benefit from HOP of US$6,015 per participant. The simulated standard deviation was only a third of this value and 99.9% of simulations returned positive net social benefits. Conclusion: We conclude with a high degree of statistical confidence that HOP produced substantial net benefits to society as a whole, program participants, and nonparticipants alike. HOP offers strong potential for poverty alleviation among housing subsidy recipients and should be replicated.

scholarly journals A Benefit-Cost Analysis of Private and Semi-Private Hospital Rooms

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony E. Boardman ◽  
Diane Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Private Hospital ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Social Benefit ◽  
Hospital Inpatient ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Improve Patient

The design of new hospital inpatient rooms is moving towards private (single occupancy) rooms. These rooms are generally preferred by patients and they may improve patient care, but they are more expensive to build and to staff than semi-private rooms. The question of their societal worth is important because hospitals are expensive, long-term investments and, once built, are prohibitively expensive to change. This paper presents a benefit-cost analysis of private rooms versus semi-private rooms in a proposed new hospital. We estimate that the net social benefit of a bed in a private room is about $70,000 more than a bed in a semi-private room.

Indirect and Induced Benefit-Cost Analysis: A Case Study

1978 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph E. Haring ◽  
Allen Van Deventer
Keyword(s):  
Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost Analysis ◽  
Benefit Cost
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