X Joseph Whitworth and the growth of mass-production engineering

1993 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 181-220
Author(s):  
A.E. Musson
1994 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 441-441
Author(s):  
Yoshio Mizugaki

Production engineering and manufacturing industries face difficulties in developing a new paradigm to cope with the post mass-production era. Consumers' preferences change very quickly and vary over a wide range of taste. A product's life cycle becomes shorter than shorter. Thus, rapid prototyping techniques have been requested, and some new concepts on manufacturing have been presented including Flexible Manufacturing System, Factory (or Flexible) Automation, Computer Integrated Manufacturing System, and Concurrent Engineering. After the termination of the cold war, many regional economies combined through international trade and dynamically evolved into global economies. Such change had significant effects on manufacturing industries and consequently on production engineering. As a new paradigm in the post mass-production era, the creation of manufacturing culture has been advocated by Prof. Hiroyuki Yoshikawa, President of University of Tokyo. It contains not only the movement towards standardization of conventional manufacturing knowledge but also the development of a global manufacturing system with use of computerization. At his advocation, the international research project of Intelligent Manufacturing Systems (IMS) was initiated. This bimonthly journal is a special issue on the IMS project and similar topics widely covering intelligent manufacturing systems. The former part of the contents is the description of the IMS project. It consists of the commentary articles quoted from the IMS news and the latest reports of IMS international test cases. The Japan IMS center publishes the IMS news and strongly supports the IMS project itself with collaboration of Ministry of International Trade and Industry of Japan (MITI). The authors of these reports are primarily enrolled in the actual responsibility to promote their projects and newly write the articles for this journal. I would like to thank the IMS center and each author for their contributions to this special issue on the IMS project. The latter part of the contents consists of the articles on the STandard for the Exchange of Product model data (STEP) and some technical papers on manufacturing. A conference report on the 2nd Japan-France Congress on Mechatronics is also provided in this issue. I would like to thank all contributors for their cooperation in creating this special issue. As can be easily seen, this issue focused on the forthcoming advancement on production engineering and manufacturing through the movement of Intelligent Manufacturing Systems. As the editor of this special issue on Intelligent Manufacturing Systems, I hope that the readers pay attention to this new movement and become involved in the near future.


Now days, increasing productivity is the main requirements in production engineering. This is possible by either reducing the operation time or by improving the efficiency of the machine. In the mass production, work pieces are machined simultaneously without any ideal time. This machine operates four hack saws simultaneously at the identical time. In this project the human effort is reduced by automating the hack saw machine, which performs less and easier operations of cutting the wood, metals and plastic materials. In This current research, a scotch yoke (Slotted link) mechanism is used to convert rotary motion of the pulley into the reciprocating motion of the hack saw frame to get the desired cutting action. Additionally, by keeping the Rheostat to the motor, the speed of hack saw frame is controlled according to the type of the work piece, and also the hack saw frame can be attached or removed when the work center is in ideal. Hence, by the four way hacksaw machine, the production rate can be increased and cost of labor also minimized.


2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph A. Tainter ◽  
Temis G. Taylor

Abstract We question Baumard's underlying assumption that humans have a propensity to innovate. Affordable transportation and energy underpinned the Industrial Revolution, making mass production/consumption possible. Although we cannot accept Baumard's thesis on the Industrial Revolution, it may help explain why complexity and innovation increase rapidly in the context of abundant energy.


1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 129-132
Author(s):  
K.L. Baluja ◽  
K. Butler ◽  
J. Le Bourlot ◽  
C.J. Zeippen

SummaryUsing sophisticated computer programs and elaborate physical models, accurate radiative and collisional atomic data of astrophysical interest have been or are being calculated. The cases treated include radiative transitions between bound states in the 2p4and 2s2p5configurations of many ions in the oxygen isoelectronic sequence, the photoionisation of the ground state of neutral iron, the electron impact excitation of the fine-structure forbidden transitions within the 3p3ground configuration of CℓIII, Ar IV and K V, and the mass-production of radiative data for ions in the oxygen and fluorine isoelectronic sequences, as part of the international Opacity Project.


Author(s):  
K. Yoshida ◽  
F. Murata ◽  
S. Ohno ◽  
T. Nagata

IntroductionSeveral methods of mounting emulsion for radioautography at the electron microscopic level have been reported. From the viewpoint of quantitative radioautography, however, there are many critical problems in the procedure to produce radioautographs. For example, it is necessary to apply and develop emulsions in several experimental groups under an identical condition. Moreover, it is necessary to treat a lot of grids at the same time in the dark room for statistical analysis. Since the complicated process and technical difficulties in these procedures are inadequate to conduct a quantitative analysis of many radioautographs at once, many factors may bring about unexpected results. In order to improve these complicated procedures, a simplified dropping method for mass production of radioautographs under an identical condition was previously reported. However, this procedure was not completely satisfactory from the viewpoint of emulsion homogeneity. This paper reports another improved procedure employing wire loops.


1959 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.A. Saunders ◽  
J.M. Alexander ◽  
R.C. Brewer

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