Late-Phase Response to Food in Atopic Dermatitis

1987 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 111-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hugh A. Sampson
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Phase Response

Cutaneous late-phase response in food-allergic children and adolescents with atopic dermatitis

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (5) ◽  
pp. 391-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. N. CHARLESWORTH ◽  
A. KAGEY-SOBOTKA ◽  
P. S. NORMAN ◽  
L. M. LICHTENSTEIN ◽  
H. A. SAMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Phase Response

scholarly journals Protective perioperative strategy using a third generation hydroxyethyl starch during surgery in a murine model of liver reperfusion injury

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 456-462
Author(s):  
Dora Catré ◽  
Maria Francelina Lopes ◽  
Celeste Bento ◽  
António Silvério Cabrita
Keyword(s):  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Starch ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Histological Study ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Third Generation ◽  
Hepatic Ischemia

PURPOSE: To investigate whether a third generation colloid, hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130/0.4), used for perioperative fluid therapy, protects the rat liver against the late-phase response of ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) and if inhibition of neutrophil hepatic infiltration plays a part in this mechanism. METHODS: Wistar rats were used (8 in each group). Three groups had IRI induced by lobar vascular occlusion (60 minutes) and reperfusion (24 hours) and received HES (13 mL/kg iv), 7.5% saline (HS) (13 mL/kg iv) or no fluid. Three other groups were sham-operated and received the same fluid as the test groups. After 24 hours of reperfusion, blood was drawn for alanine aminotransferase (ALT) quantification and ischemic liver samples were taken for histological study (hematoxylin and eosin and chloroacetate staining of neutrophils). RESULTS: HES treatment attenuated the elevation in serum ALT (P=0.001) and reduced the extent of hepatocellular necrosis (P<0.01) compared with the IRI controls. HES-mediated cytoprotection was associated with a decrease of infiltration of neutrophils in the necrotic areas (P<0.05) compared with the untreated IRI rats, but not with the volume control IRI rats (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Hydroxyethyl starch suppresses inflammatory response and ameliorates the late-phase response of hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury.

Nitric Oxide is a Mediator of the Late-Phase Response in an Animal Model of Nasal Allergy

2000 ◽  
Vol 122 (5) ◽  
pp. 706-711 ◽  
Author(s):  
William F. Durland ◽  
Andrew P. Lane ◽  
Kimberly W. Durland ◽  
Timothy L. Smith ◽  
Kenneth L. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Inflammatory Cell ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Brown Norway ◽  
Nasal Allergy ◽  
Synthase Inhibitor ◽  
Histamine Challenge

The presence of nitric oxide (NO) in the nose is well documented; however, the role of this molecule in nasal physiology is still poorly understood. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that NO is a mediator of the immediate secretory response to an intranasal histamine challenge in a rat model of nasal allergy. Histamine challenge, however, does not elicit a late-phase response (LPR). To study the role of NO in the LPR, we developed a model of nasal allergy in which brown Norway rats are actively sensitized to the allergen ovalbumin and later challenged intranasally with either phosphate-buffered saline solution (vehicle), ovalbumin in vehicle, or ovalbumin and the NO synthase inhibitor N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester. In each experiment, nasal lavage samples were collected 30, 120, 240, and 360 minutes after challenge. Lavage samples were analyzed for albumin content by ELISA, inflammatory cell concentration with a hemocytometer, and evidence of inflammation by light microscopy. Blocking NO synthesis with N-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester significantly inhibited both albumin exudation and inflammatory cell influx into the nasal cavity during the LPR. These data suggest that NO plays a role in the LPR of nasal allergy.

Modeling the acute- and late-phase responses to peripheral airway cooling and desiccation

2002 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Davis ◽  
Chris M. Royer ◽  
Mark Payton ◽  
Brian Buttress
Keyword(s):  
Acute Phase ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ◽  
Polynomial Function ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
Lavage Fluid ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Phase Response ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Peripheral Airway ◽  
Isocapnic Hyperpnea

Acute bronchoconstriction after isocapnic hyperpnea can be produced in most asthmatic individuals. However, the existence of a late-phase response is less certain. We used a canine model of isocapnic hyperpnea to test the hypothesis that this discrepancy is due to differences in the challenge threshold for the responses. Acute-phase and late-phase bronchoconstriction was measured in nine dogs after peripheral airway exposure to unconditioned air. Additionally, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was obtained during the late-phase response. The acute-phase response was a polynomial function with a decreasing slope at higher challenges, whereas the late-phase response suggested that a minimum threshold of challenge severity was needed to produce late-phase bronchoconstriction. BALF leukocyte and eicosanoid concentrations had linear relationships with challenge severity. Our data support the hypothesis that acute- and late-phase posthyperpnea responses have different dose-response relationships, a fact that may explain the frequent lack of a late-phase response. However, our data suggest that mild inflammation can be induced with relatively lower challenge severity.

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