Evidence that Mating Group Size Affects Allocation of Reproductive Resources in a Simultaneous Hermaphrodite

1991 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 1206-1217 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter T. Raimondi ◽  
Janine E. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
Mating Group

scholarly journals Different effects of mating group size as male and as female on sex allocation in a simultaneous hermaphrodite

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 2492-2498
Author(s):  
Masami M. Tamechika ◽  
Kohei Matsuno ◽  
Satoshi Wada ◽  
Yoichi Yusa
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
Mating Group

scholarly journals SEX ALLOCATION ADJUSTMENT TO MATING GROUP SIZE IN A SIMULTANEOUS HERMAPHRODITE

Evolution ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 3233-3242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Janicke ◽  
Lucas Marie-Orleach ◽  
Katrien De Mulder ◽  
Eugene Berezikov ◽  
Peter Ladurner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodite ◽  
Mating Group

scholarly journals Early social conditions affect female fecundity in hermaphrodites

2015 ◽  
Vol 61 (6) ◽  
pp. 983-990 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elio Cannarsa ◽  
Maria Cristina Lorenzi ◽  
Gabriella Sella
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Sexual Maturity ◽  
Reproductive Investment ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Social Conditions ◽  
Male Reproduction ◽  
Female Fecundity ◽  
Female Function ◽  
Mating Group

Abstract Social conditions experienced prior to sexual maturity influence reproduction later in life in many animals. In simultaneous hermaphrodites, variation in mating group size influences reproductive investment. As the mating group size increases, reproductive resources devoted to the female function decrease in favor of the male function. Prior to sexual maturity, many hermaphrodites have a protandrous phase during which they produce sperm and can fertilize hermaphrodites’ eggs. In the simultaneously hermaphroditic polychaete worm Ophryotrocha diadema, the cost of male reproduction during adolescence is spread over the whole energy budget of worms as shown by a reduced growth rate, a delayed age at sexual maturity and the shortening of life span compared to protandrous males that do not reproduce. Little is known on whether social conditions experienced during development affect reproductive investment of immature individuals. We investigated whether social conditions affected the length of the protandrous phase, body size and also the subsequent female fecundity of same-age protandrous individuals of O. diadema, which did not had to face competition for egg fertilization. Results show that in large group sizes protandrous males lengthened their protandrous phase, slowed down body growth and decreased their individual investment at the first egg laying compared to protandrous males that were reared in isolation. In the successive egg layings worms adjusted their egg output to the current social conditions. We interpreted these results as an indication that early social conditions represent a social stress resulting in a reduction of the overall reproductive resources up to the first egg laying.

scholarly journals Copulation rate declines with mating group size in dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus)

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 503-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
D.N. Orbach ◽  
G.G. Rosenthal ◽  
B. Würsig
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Energy Costs ◽  
Indirect Benefits ◽  
Lagenorhynchus Obscurus ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Copulation Rate ◽  
Mating Opportunities ◽  
Dusky Dolphins ◽  
Time And Energy

Males in polygamous species often engage in intrasexual competition for mates. If females actively evade mating attempts, it may benefit males to cooperate to restrict female movement, as has been found in some mammals. We tested if male dusky dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus (Gray, 1828)) cooperate or compete during group mating chases. If they cooperate, then the per-male probability of copulating should increase with group size; if they compete, then the probability should decrease. We followed mating groups by boat during the breeding season (October 2013 – January 2014) off Kaikoura, New Zealand. The copulation rate per male decreased with increasing group size and with the number of noncopulating males in proximity to a copulating female. Male dusky dolphins have multiple mates and appear to use sperm and exploitative scramble competition. Males may remain in mating groups despite competition because there are alliances within the groups, they are unable to exclude rivals from joining a group, the time and energy costs of searching for unescorted females exceed the costs of reduced mating opportunities in a group, they receive other direct or indirect benefits that offset the costs of reduced mating opportunities, or they are in the group largely for social learning rather than procreation.

Mating group size and evolutionarily stable pattern of sexuality in barnacles

2008 ◽  
Vol 253 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sachi Yamaguchi ◽  
Yoichi Yusa ◽  
Shigeyuki Yamato ◽  
Satoru Urano ◽  
Satoshi Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Stable Pattern ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Evolutionarily Stable

Multiple paternity and mating group size in the European earwig,Forficula auricularia

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
LINA SANDRIN ◽  
JOËL MEUNIER ◽  
SHIRLEY RAVEH ◽  
JEAN-CLAUDE WALSER ◽  
MATHIAS KÖLLIKER
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Multiple Paternity ◽  
Forficula Auricularia ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
European Earwig

Mating Group Size in Dusky Dolphins (Lagenorhynchus obscurus): Costs and Benefits of Scramble Competition

Ethology ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 120 (8) ◽  
pp. 804-815 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dara N. Orbach ◽  
Jane M. Packard ◽  
Bernd Würsig
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Scramble Competition ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Lagenorhynchus Obscurus ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Dusky Dolphins

scholarly journals Growth, mortality, and mating group size of an androdioecious barnacle: implications for the evolution of dwarf males

2015 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Ewers-Saucedo ◽  
John P. Wares ◽  
Michael D. Arendt ◽  
Daniel Rittschof
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Dwarf Males

How do whale barnacles live on their hosts? Functional morphology and mating-group sizes of Coronula diadema (Linnaeus, 1767) and Conchoderma auritum (Linnaeus, 1767) (Cirripedia: Thoracicalcarea)

2020 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 808-824 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kyong Kim ◽  
Benny K K Chan ◽  
Chung-Bae Kang ◽  
Hyun Woo Kim ◽  
Won Kim
Keyword(s):  
Group Size ◽  
Functional Morphology ◽  
Megaptera Novaeangliae ◽  
Food Sources ◽  
Humpback Whales ◽  
Mating Group ◽  
Planktonic Food ◽  
Strong Attachment ◽  
Simultaneous Hermaphrodites

Abstract Whale-associated barnacles are intriguing in terms of their planktonic food sources, mating habits, and mechanisms of host attachment. We present observations of the whale-associated barnacles Coronula diadema (Linnaeus, 1767) and Conchoderma auritum (Linnaeus, 1767) obtained from dead humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae (Borowski, 1781)) collected in Korea. Shell bases of Coronula diadema are inflected and sharp-edged with hollow coring tubes at the periphery. The coring tubes are filled with whale skin, supporting the model that shell accretion into the whale skin is achieved by basal constriction to achieve strong attachment. Conchoderma auritum attaches to the shell surfaces of Coronula and has a pair of tubular ear-shaped structures on the capitulum. Both species have short and thick-segmented cirri that allow feeding in strong currents. The distal ends of the cirri in both species are often equipped with sharp, large claw-like setae, which are likely used to capture large zooplankton for food. Coronula diadema and Conchoderma auritum are simultaneous hermaphrodites. Coronula diadema can mate up to nine surrounding individuals. Conchoderma auritum lives in clumps and mating group size can up to 26 individuals.

Mating Group Size and Stability in Reindeer Rangifer tarandus: The Effects of Male Characteristics, Sex Ratio and Male Age Structure

Ethology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 118 (8) ◽  
pp. 783-792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Léon L'Italien ◽  
Robert B. Weladji ◽  
Øystein Holand ◽  
Knut H. Røed ◽  
Mauri Nieminen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Group Size ◽  
Age Structure ◽  
Rangifer Tarandus ◽  
Male Age ◽  
Mating Group
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