Evolutionary History of Blepharis (Acanthaceae) and the Origin of C4 Photosynthesis in Section Acanthodium

2015 ◽  
Vol 176 (8) ◽  
pp. 770-790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amanda E. Fisher ◽  
Lucinda A. McDade ◽  
Carrie A. Kiel ◽  
Roxana Khoshravesh ◽  
Melissa A. Johnson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
History Of

scholarly journals Reconstructed protein sequence evolution consistent with the evolution of C4 photosynthesis via a C2 ancestor in the Paniceae

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel S. Carvalho ◽  
Sunil Kumar Kenchanmane Raju ◽  
Yang Zhang ◽  
James C. Schnable
Keyword(s):  
Protein Sequence ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Sequence Evolution ◽  
Ancestral Branch ◽  
History Of ◽  
Grass Genomes ◽  
Protein Sequence Evolution

AbstractThe grass tribe Paniceae includes a monophyletic subclade of species, the MPC clade, which specialize in each of the three primary C4 sub-pathways NADP-ME, NAD-ME and PCK. The evolutionary history of C4 photosynthesis in this subclade remains ambiguous. Leveraging newly sequenced grass genomes and syntenic orthology data, we estimated rates of protein sequence evolution on ancestral branches for both core enzymes shared across different C4 sub-pathways and enzymes specific to C4 sub-pathways. While core enzymes show elevated rates of protein sequence evolution in ancestral branches consistent with a transition from C3 to C4 photosynthesis in the ancestor for this clade, no subtype specific enzymes showed similar patterns. At least one protein involved in photorespiration also showed elevated rates of protein sequence evolution in the ancestral branch. The set of core C4 enzymes examined here combined with the photorespiratory pathway are necessary for the C2 photosynthetic cycle, a previously proposed intermediate between C3 and C4 photosynthesis. The patterns reported here are consistent with, but not conclusive proof that, C4 photosynthesis in the MPC clade of the Paniceae evolved via a C2 intermediate.

scholarly journals Evolutionary changes of phosphoenolpyruvate transporter (PPT) during the emergence of C4 photosynthesis

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Ju Amy Lyu ◽  
Yaling Wang ◽  
Jianjun Jiang ◽  
Genyun Chen ◽  
Xin-Guang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
C4 Photosynthesis ◽  
Mesophyll Cell ◽  
Complex Trait ◽  
Transcript Abundance ◽  
Sheath Cell ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Transport Direction ◽  
History Of

AbstractC4 photosynthesis is a complex trait, which evolved from its ancestral C3 photosynthesis by recruiting pre-existing genes. The evolutionary history of enzymes involved in the C4 shuttle has been extensively studied. Here we analyze the evolutionary changes of phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) transporter (PPT) during its recruitment from C3 to C4 photosynthesis. Our analysis shows that 1) among the two PPT paralogs, i.e. PPT1 and PPT2, PPT1 is an ancestral copy while PPT2 is a derived copy; 2) during C4 evolution, PPT1 shifted its expression from predominantly in root to in leaf, and from bundle sheath cell to mesophyll cell, supporting that PPT1 was recruited into C4 photosynthesis; 3) PPT1 gained increased transcript abundance, gained more rapid and long-lasting responses to light during C3 to C4 evolution, while PPT2 lost its responsiveness to light; 4) PPT1 gained a number of new cis-elements during C4 evolution; 5) C4 PPT1 can complement the phenotype of Arabidopsis PPT1 loss-of-function mutant, suggesting that it is a bidirectional transporter and its transport direction did not alter during C4 evolution. We finally discuss mechanistic linkages between these observed changes in PPT1 and C4 photosynthesis evolution.High lightDuring the process of C4 photosynthesis evolution, PPT not only experienced changes in its expression location and transcript abundance, but also acquired new cis-elements in its promoter region and accumulated protein variations.

Elaborating the role of reflection and individual differences in the study of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Arceneaux
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Individual Differences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Economic Beliefs

AbstractIntuitions guide decision-making, and looking to the evolutionary history of humans illuminates why some behavioral responses are more intuitive than others. Yet a place remains for cognitive processes to second-guess intuitive responses – that is, to be reflective – and individual differences abound in automatic, intuitive processing as well.

STRUCTURAL REARRANGEMENTS AT THE REGULATORY REGION OF THE DRAS1 GENE IN THE EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF PHYLOGENETICALLY DISTANT DROSOPHILA SPECIES

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.I. CHEKUNOVA ◽  
◽  
S. YU. SOROKINA ◽  
E.A. SIVOPLYAS ◽  
G.N. BAKHTOYAROV ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
Regulatory Region ◽  
Drosophila Species ◽  
Structural Rearrangements ◽  
History Of

PHYLOGENY AND EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY OF LICHID TRILOBITES

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
James C. Lamsdell ◽  
◽  
Melanie J. Hopkins
Keyword(s):  
Evolutionary History ◽  
History Of
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