scholarly journals Selection Experiments in the Sea: What Can Experimental Evolution Tell Us About How Marine Life Will Respond to Climate Change?

2021 ◽  
pp. 000-000
Author(s):  
Morgan W. Kelly ◽  
Joanna S. Griffiths
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Selection Experiments

scholarly journals How Is Climate Change Affecting Marine Life in the Arctic?

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael R. Heath ◽  
Deborah Benkort ◽  
Andrew S. Brierley ◽  
Ute Daewel ◽  
Richard Hofmeister ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Marine Life

scholarly journals What Does the Pacific Arctic's New Normal Mean for Marine Life?

Eos ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa Sheffield Guy ◽  
Sue Moore ◽  
Phyllis Stabeno
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Arctic Ecosystems ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Normal Mean ◽  
Oceanographic Conditions

Climate change has reconfigured Arctic ecosystems. A 5-year project focuses on the relationships among oceanographic conditions and the animals and other life-forms in this region.

scholarly journals Tell Me Where You’ve Been and I’ll Tell You How You’ll Evolve

mBio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Fumasoni
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Adaptive Evolution ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Evolutionary Biology ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Microbial Populations ◽  
Evolutionary Processes ◽  
Link Type ◽  
Selection Experiments ◽  
Evolutionary Trajectories

ABSTRACT The reproducibility of adaptive evolution is a long-standing debate in evolutionary biology. Kempher et al. (M. L. Kempher, X. Tao, R. Song, B. Wu, et al., mBio 11:e00569-20, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1128/mBio.00569-20) used experimental evolution to investigate the effect of previous evolutionary trajectories on the ability of microbial populations to adapt to high temperatures. Despite the divergence caused by adaptation to previous environments, all populations reproducibly converged on similar final levels of fitness. Nevertheless, the genetic basis of adaptation depended on past selection experiments, reinforcing the idea that previous adaptation can dictate the trajectories of later evolutionary processes.

scholarly journals Controlling for P -value inflation in allele frequency change in experimental evolution and artificial selection experiments

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 770-782
Author(s):  
Petri Kemppainen ◽  
Bernt Rønning ◽  
Thomas Kvalnes ◽  
Ingerid J. Hagen ◽  
Thor Harald Ringsby ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Allele Frequency ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
P Value ◽  
Frequency Change ◽  
Selection Experiments

scholarly journals High standing genetic variation in an invasive plant allows immediate evolutionary response to climate warming

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Sun ◽  
Oliver Bossdorf ◽  
Ramon Diaz Grados ◽  
ZhiYong Liao ◽  
Heinz Müller-Schärer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Climate Warming ◽  
Experimental Evolution ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Plant Traits ◽  
Common Environment ◽  
Pooled Dna ◽  
Evolutionary Response ◽  
Evolution Study ◽  
Simulated Climate

AbstractPredicting plant distributions under climate change is constrained by our limited understanding of potential rapid adaptive evolution. In an experimental evolution study with the invasive common ragweed, we subjected replicated populations of the same initial genetic composition to simulated climate warming. Pooled DNA sequencing of parental and offspring populations showed that warming populations experienced a greater loss of genetic diversity, and greater genetic divergence from their parents, than control populations. In a common environment, offspring from warming populations showed more convergent phenotypes in seven out of nine plant traits, with later flowering and larger biomass, than plants from control populations. For both traits, we also found a significant higher ratio of phenotypic to genetic differentiation across generations for warming than for control populations, indicating stronger selection under warming conditions. Our findings demonstrate that ragweed populations can rapidly evolve in response to climate change within a single generation.

scholarly journals Complex networks of marine heatwaves reveal abrupt transitions in the global ocean

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandro Benedetti-Cecchi
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Emission Scenario ◽  
Topological Data Analysis ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Marine Life ◽  
Combine Network ◽  
Rcp 8.5 ◽  
Business As Usual

AbstractUnderstanding how marine heatwaves (MHWs) unfold in space and time under anthropogenic climate change is key to anticipate future impacts on ecosystems and society. Yet, our knowledge of the spatiotemporal dynamics of MHWs is very limited. Here, I combine network theory with topological data analysis and event synchronization to high-resolution satellite data and to a set of Earth System Model simulations to reveal the dynamical organization of complex MHW networks. The analysis reveals that MHWs have already crossed a tipping point separating highly synchronized preindustrial MHWs from the more extreme, but less coherent warming events we experience today. This loose spatiotemporal organization persists under a reduced RCP 2.6 emission scenario, whereas a second abrupt transition towards a permanent state of highly synchronized MHWs is foreseen by 2075 under a business-as-usual RCP 8.5 scenario. These results highlight the risks of abrupt ocean transitions, which may dramatically affect marine life and humanity by eroding valuable time for adaptation to climate change.

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