Generalized adiabatic invariants in classical mechanics

1968 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 326-330
Author(s):  
L Navarro ◽  
L M Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Adiabatic Invariants

Deterministic Mechanism of Irreversibility

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 5708-5733 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav Michailovich Somsikov
Keyword(s):  
Internal Energy ◽  
Hamiltonian Systems ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Motion Equation ◽  
Holonomic Constraints ◽  
Dissipative Processes ◽  
Motion Energy ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material Points

The analytical review of the papers devoted to the deterministic mechanism of irreversibility (DMI) is presented. The history of solving of the irreversibility problem is briefly described. It is shown, how the DMI was found basing on the motion equation for a structured body. The structured body was given by a set of potentially interacting material points. The taking into account of the body’s structure led to the possibility of describing dissipative processes. This possibility caused by the transformation of the body’s motion energy into internal energy. It is shown, that the condition of holonomic constraints, which used for obtaining of the canonical formalisms of classical mechanics, is excluding the DMI in Hamiltonian systems. The concepts of D-entropy and evolutionary non-linearity are discussed. The connection between thermodynamics and the laws of classical mechanics is shown. Extended forms of the Lagrange, Hamilton, Liouville, and Schrödinger equations, which describe dissipative processes, are presented.

Rosen-Chambers Variation Theory of Linearly-Damped Classic and Quantum Oscillator

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 404-426
Author(s):  
Vincze Gy. Szasz A.
Keyword(s):  
Harmonic Oscillator ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Universal Time ◽  
Variation Theory ◽  
Quantum Oscillator ◽  
Variation Principle ◽  
Poisson Brackets ◽  
Mathematical Meaning ◽  
Damped Harmonic Oscillator ◽  
Damped Oscillator

Phenomena of damped harmonic oscillator is important in the description of the elementary dissipative processes of linear responses in our physical world. Its classical description is clear and understood, however it is not so in the quantum physics, where it also has a basic role. Starting from the Rosen-Chambers restricted variation principle a Hamilton like variation approach to the damped harmonic oscillator will be given. The usual formalisms of classical mechanics, as Lagrangian, Hamiltonian, Poisson brackets, will be covered too. We shall introduce two Poisson brackets. The first one has only mathematical meaning and for the second, the so-called constitutive Poisson brackets, a physical interpretation will be presented. We shall show that only the fundamental constitutive Poisson brackets are not invariant throughout the motion of the damped oscillator, but these show a kind of universal time dependence in the universal time scale of the damped oscillator. The quantum mechanical Poisson brackets and commutation relations belonging to these fundamental time dependent classical brackets will be described. Our objective in this work is giving clearer view to the challenge of the dissipative quantum oscillator.

Sound as a transverse wave

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 4522-4534
Author(s):  
Armando Tomás Canero
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Gravitational Waves ◽  
Longitudinal Wave ◽  
Transverse Wave ◽  
Sound Propagation ◽  
Correspondence Principle ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Wave Model ◽  
Scientific Experiments

This paper presents sound propagation based on a transverse wave model which does not collide with the interpretation of physical events based on the longitudinal wave model, but responds to the correspondence principle and allows interpreting a significant number of scientific experiments that do not follow the longitudinal wave model. Among the problems that are solved are: the interpretation of the location of nodes and antinodes in a Kundt tube of classical mechanics, the traslation of phonons in the vacuum interparticle of quantum mechanics and gravitational waves in relativistic mechanics.

Bimolecular Reactions, Transition-State Theory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niels Engholm Henriksen ◽  
Flemming Yssing Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Transition State ◽  
Saddle Point ◽  
Transition State Theory ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Small Degree ◽  
State Theory ◽  
Reaction Coordinate ◽  
Partition Functions ◽  
Bimolecular Reactions ◽  
Activated Complex

This chapter discusses an approximate approach—transition-state theory—to the calculation of rate constants for bimolecular reactions. A reaction coordinate is identified from a normal-mode coordinate analysis of the activated complex, that is, the supermolecule on the saddle-point of the potential energy surface. Motion along this coordinate is treated by classical mechanics and recrossings of the saddle point from the product to the reactant side are neglected, leading to the result of conventional transition-state theory expressed in terms of relevant partition functions. Various alternative derivations are presented. Corrections that incorporate quantum mechanical tunnelling along the reaction coordinate are described. Tunnelling through an Eckart barrier is discussed and the approximate Wigner tunnelling correction factor is derived in the limit of a small degree of tunnelling. It concludes with applications of transition-state theory to, for example, the F + H2 reaction, and comparisons with results based on quasi-classical mechanics as well as exact quantum mechanics.

Virtual Work & d’Alembert’s Principle

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Mann
Keyword(s):  
Euler Equations ◽  
Virtual Work ◽  
Lagrange Equation ◽  
Classical Mechanics ◽  
Rigid Bodies ◽  
Gibbs Function ◽  
Constraint Force ◽  
Appell Equations ◽  
Jourdain's Principle ◽  
D'alembert's Principle

This chapter discusses virtual work, returning to the Newtonian framework to derive the central Lagrange equation, using d’Alembert’s principle. It starts off with a discussion of generalised force, applied force and constraint force. Holonomic constraints and non-holonomic constraint equations are then investigated. The corresponding principles of Gauss (Gauss’s least constraint) and Jourdain are also documented and compared to d’Alembert’s approach before being generalised into the Mangeron–Deleanu principle. Kane’s equations are derived from Jourdain’s principle. The chapter closes with a detailed covering of the Gibbs–Appell equations as the most general equations in classical mechanics. Their reduction to Hamilton’s principle is examined and they are used to derive the Euler equations for rigid bodies. The chapter also discusses Hertz’s least curvature, the Gibbs function and Euler equations.

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