Setting Scottish diagnostic reference levels for mammography incorporating both craniocaudal and oblique projections between 30 and 80 mm

Background: Diagnostic reference levels are radiation dose levels in medical radiodiagnostic practices for typical examinations for groups of standard-sized individuals for broadly defined types of equipment. This study aimed to contribute to national diagnostic reference levels for common hand and wrist procedures using mini C-arm fluoroscopy. Small joint and digital fracture procedure diagnostic reference levels have not been reported in significant numbers previously with procedure-level stratification. Methods: Data were collected from fluoroscopy logbooks and were cross-referenced against the audit log kept on fluoroscopy machines. A total of 603 procedures were included. Results: The median radiation dose for wrist fracture open fixation was 2.73 cGycm2, Kirschner wiring (K-wiring) procedures was 2.36 cGycm2, small joint arthrodesis was 1.20 cGycm2, small joint injections was 0.58 cGycm2, and phalangeal fracture fixation was 1.05 cGycm2. Conclusions: Wrist fracture fixation used higher radiation doses than phalangeal fracture fixation, arthrodeses, and injections. Injections used significantly less radiation than the other procedures. There are significant differences in total radiation doses when comparing these procedures in hand and wrist surgery. National and international recommendations are that institutional audit data should be collected regularly and should be stratified by procedure type. This study helps to define standards for this activity by adding to the data available for wrist fracture diagnostic reference levels and defining standards for digital and injection procedures.

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A comparison of age-dependent entrance skin doses in pediatric chest exams with diagnostic reference levels for the Antioquia region of Colombia

Radioprotection ◽

10.1051/radiopro/2012021 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 47 (4) ◽

pp. 575-582 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Morales ◽

W. Jaramillo ◽

J.A. Puerta ◽

A. Arrieta ◽

L. Moncada

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽

Reference Levels ◽

Age Dependent ◽

Pediatric Chest ◽

Skin Doses

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NATIONAL DIAGNOSTIC REFERENCE LEVELS FOR NUCLEAR MEDICINE IN KUWAIT

Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology ◽

10.2967/jnmt.121.262175 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. jnmt.121.262175

Author(s):

Mashari Alnaaimi ◽

Mousa Alduaij ◽

Musab Algaily ◽

Fisal Shanawey ◽

Talal Mohammedzein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nuclear Medicine ◽

Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽

Reference Levels

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Towards the Establishment of Diagnostic Reference Levels in Saudi Arabia: Review and Opinion

Egyptian Journal of Radiation Sciences and Applications ◽

10.21608/ejrsa.2021.55201.1111 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0-0

Author(s):

Khalid M. Aloufi ◽

Fahad H. Alhazmi ◽

Osama M. Abdulaal ◽

Abdualaziz A. Qurashi

Keyword(s):

Saudi Arabia ◽

Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽

Reference Levels

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Establishing local diagnostic reference levels for adult computed tomography in Morocco

Radioprotection ◽

10.1051/radiopro/2021035 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

M. El Mansouri ◽

M. Talbi ◽

A. Choukri ◽

O. Nhila ◽

M. Aabid

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Adult Patients ◽

Radiation Doses ◽

Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽

Reference Levels ◽

Dose Length Product ◽

Head Ct ◽

Ct Examination ◽

Japanese Studies ◽

The Uk

In Morocco, the radiation doses received by adult patients are increasing due to the number of CT examinations performed and the larger number of computed tomography (CT) scanners installed. The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiation doses received by patients for the most common adult CT examinations in order to establish local diagnostic reference levels (DRLs). Data from 1016 adult patients were collected during 3 months from four Moroccan hospitals. Dose length product (DLP) and volumetric computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) were evaluated by determining the 75th percentile as diagnostic reference levels for the most common examinations including head, chest and abdomen. The DRL for each examination was compared with other studies. The established DRLs in Morocco in terms of CTDIvol were 57.4, 12.3 and 10.9 for CT examinations of the head, chest, abdomen, respectively. For DLP, they were 1020, 632 and 714, respectively. These established DRLs for CTDIvol were almost similar to the UK DRLs at all examinations, higher than the Egyptian DRLs and lower than the Japanese DRLs at the head CT examination, lower than the DRLs from Egypt and Japan at the CT abdomen examination. In terms of DLP, the DRLs were higher than those of the British studies, lower than those of the Egyptian and Japanese studies at the head CT examination were higher at chest CT and lower at abdominal CT than those of all selected studies. The higher level of established DRLs in our study demonstrates the requirement of an optimization process while keeping a good image quality for a reliable diagnosis.

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Establishing national diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) for computed tomography in Egypt

Physica Medica ◽

10.1016/j.ejmp.2017.05.050 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 39 ◽

pp. 16-24 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Dina Husseiny Salama ◽

Jenia Vassileva ◽

Gamal Mahdaly ◽

Mona Shawki ◽

Ahmad Salama ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽

Reference Levels

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Pediatric Diagnostic Reference Levels for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Cardiac Catheterization in Japan

10.21203/rs.3.rs-288911/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Toru Ishibashi ◽

Yasutaka Takei ◽

Mamoru Kato ◽

Yukari Yamashita ◽

Atsuko Tsukamoto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cardiac Catheterization ◽

Pediatric Patients ◽

Age Groups ◽

Diagnostic Reference Levels ◽

Reference Levels ◽

Air Kerma ◽

Cardiac Angiography ◽

Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization ◽

One Year ◽

Area Product

Abstract To propose Japanese national DRLs for air-kerma at the reference point (Ka,r), air-kerma area product (PKA), fluoroscopy time (FT), and number of cine images (CI) for four age groups. We posted a nationwide questionnaire to 132 facilities. Questions focused on identifying the procedure, age, weight, height, Ka,r, PKA, FT, and CI during diagnostic and therapeutic pediatric cardiac catheterization. For diagnostic cardiac angiography, the 75th percentile values were as follows; Ka,r: 103, 127, 194, and 351 mGy; PKA: 7.0, 12.3, 14.3, and 47.2 Gy.cm2; FT: 36.8, 30.7, 33.4, and 35.7 min; and CI: 2018, 2313, 2408, and 2016 images for less than one year, 1–5 years, 6–10 years, and 11–15 years respectively. For therapeutic cardiac angiography, the 75th percentile values were as follows: Ka,r: 146, 209, 130, and 501 mGy; PKA: 7.54, 16.0, 8.35, and 46.0 Gy.cm2; FT: 56.5, 52.0, 49.4, and 52.0 min; and CI: 4075, 4514, 3576, and 5984 images for less than one year, 1–5 years, 6–10 years, and 11–15 years respectively. Our survey of diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization in Japanese pediatric patients showed that all age-based Japanese 75th percentiles for the Ka,r, PKA, FT, and CI were higher than in other surveys. Based on the result of our study, it is necessary to establish DRLs for pediatric cardiac catheterization examinations in Japan, in order to optimize the safety of pediatric protocols for diagnostic and therapeutic cardiac catheterization.

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