scholarly journals Autophagy machinery promotes the chaperone-mediated formation and compartmentalization of protein aggregates during appressorium development by the rice blast fungus

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (21) ◽  
pp. 2298-2305
Author(s):  
Audra Mae Rogers ◽  
Martin John Egan
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Protein Aggregates ◽  
Rice Blast Fungus ◽  
Host Tissue ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Protein Damage ◽  
Related Development ◽  
Appressorium Development

The fungus Magnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast disease, which destroys enough rice annually to feed 60 million people. M. oryzae forms a specialized infection cell, which it uses to break into host tissue. Here we investigate how M. oryzae spatially and temporally manages stress-induced protein damage during infection-related development.

scholarly journals Role of two metacaspases in development and pathogenicity of the Rice Blast fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Fernandez ◽  
Victor Lopez ◽  
Lisa Kinch ◽  
Mariel A. Pfeifer ◽  
Hillery Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Insight Into

ABSTRACTRice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a devastating disease of cultivated rice worldwide. Infections by this fungus lead to a significant reduction in rice yields and threats to food security. To gain better insight into growth and cell death in M. oryzae during infection, we characterized two predicted M. oryzae metacaspase proteins, MoMca1 and MoMca2. These proteins appear to be functionally redundant and are able to complement the yeast Yca1 homologue. Biochemical analysis revealed that M. oryzae metacaspases exhibited Ca2+ dependent caspase activity in vitro. Deletion of both MoMca1 and MoMca2 in M. oryzae resulted in reduced sporulation, delay in conidial germination and attenuation of disease severity. In addition, the double ΔMomca1mca2 mutant strain showed increased radial growth in the presence of oxidative stress. Interestingly, the ΔMomca1mca2 strain showed an increase accumulation of insoluble aggregates compared to the wild-type strain during vegetative growth. Our findings suggest that MoMca1 and MoMca2 promote the clearance of insoluble aggregates in M. oryzae, demonstrating the important role these metacaspases have in fungal protein homeostasis. Furthermore, these metacaspase proteins may play additional roles, like in regulating stress responses, that would help maintain the fitness of fungal cells required for host infection.IMPORTANCEMagnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast disease that threatens global food security by resulting in the severe loss of rice production every year. A tightly regulated life cycle allows M. oryzae to disarm the host plant immune system during its biotrophic stage before triggering plant cell death in its necrotrophic stage. The ways M. oryzae navigates its complex life cycle remains unclear. This work characterizes two metacaspase proteins with peptidase activity in M. oryzae that are shown to be involved in the regulation of fungal growth and development prior to infection by potentially helping maintain fungal fitness. This study provides new insight into the role of metacaspase proteins in filamentous fungi by illustrating the delays in M. oryzae morphogenesis in the absence of these proteins. Understanding the mechanisms by which M. oryzae morphology and development promote its devastating pathogenicity may lead to the emergence of proper methods for disease control.

Microconidia: Understanding Its Role in the Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae Inciting Rice Blast Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-150
Author(s):  
Ganesan Prakash ◽  
Asharani Patel ◽  
Ish Prakash ◽  
Kuleshwar Prasad Sahu ◽  
Rajashekara Hosahatti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease

scholarly journals Homeobox Transcription Factors Are Required for Conidiation and Appressorium Development in the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

PLoS Genetics ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. e1000757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seryun Kim ◽  
Sook-Young Park ◽  
Kyoung Su Kim ◽  
Hee-Sool Rho ◽  
Myoung-Hwan Chi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Fungus ◽  
Blast Fungus ◽  
Appressorium Development ◽  
Homeobox Transcription Factors

Morphological and molecular characterization of Magnaporthe oryzae causing rice blast disease in Odisha

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chinmayee Sahu ◽  
Manoj Kumar Yadav ◽  
Gayatree Panda ◽  
S Aravindan ◽  
Ngangkham Umakanta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Morphological And Molecular Characterization

scholarly journals Effector-Mediated Suppression of Chitin-Triggered Immunity by Magnaporthe oryzae Is Necessary for Rice Blast Disease

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 322-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Mentlak ◽  
Anja Kombrink ◽  
Tomonori Shinya ◽  
Lauren S. Ryder ◽  
Ippei Otomo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease

scholarly journals Genome-wide Transcriptional Profiling of Appressorium Development by the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

2012 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e1002514 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren M. Soanes ◽  
Apratim Chakrabarti ◽  
Konrad H. Paszkiewicz ◽  
Angus L. Dawe ◽  
Nicholas J. Talbot
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Transcriptional Profiling ◽  
Rice Blast Fungus ◽  
Blast Fungus ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Appressorium Development

scholarly journals Equol, a Clinically Important Metabolite, Inhibits the Development and Pathogenicity of Magnaporthe oryzae, the Causal Agent of Rice Blast Disease

Molecules ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaoyu Wang ◽  
Ling Li ◽  
Yeshi Yin ◽  
Zhuokan Gu ◽  
Rongyao Chai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease

scholarly journals Role of Two Metacaspases in Development and Pathogenicity of the Rice Blast Fungus Magnaporthe oryzae

mBio ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessie Fernandez ◽  
Victor Lopez ◽  
Lisa Kinch ◽  
Mariel A. Pfeifer ◽  
Hillery Gray ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Death ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Magnaporthe Oryzae ◽  
Rice Blast ◽  
Rice Blast Disease ◽  
Blast Disease ◽  
Complex Life Cycle ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Rice blast disease caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a devastating disease of cultivated rice worldwide. Infections by this fungus lead to a significant reduction in rice yields and threats to food security. To gain better insight into growth and cell death in M. oryzae during infection, we characterized two predicted M. oryzae metacaspase proteins, MoMca1 and MoMca2. These proteins appear to be functionally redundant and can complement the yeast Yca1 homologue. Biochemical analysis revealed that M. oryzae metacaspases exhibited Ca2+-dependent caspase activity in vitro. Deletion of both MoMca1 and MoMca2 in M. oryzae resulted in reduced sporulation, delay in conidial germination, and attenuation of disease severity. In addition, the double ΔMomca1mca2 mutant strain showed increased radial growth in the presence of oxidative stress. Interestingly, the ΔMomca1mca2 strain showed an increased accumulation of insoluble aggregates compared to the wild-type strain during vegetative growth. Our findings suggest that MoMca1 and MoMca2 promote the clearance of insoluble aggregates in M. oryzae, demonstrating the important role these metacaspases have in fungal protein homeostasis. Furthermore, these metacaspase proteins may play additional roles, like in regulating stress responses, that would help maintain the fitness of fungal cells required for host infection. IMPORTANCE Magnaporthe oryzae causes rice blast disease that threatens global food security by resulting in the severe loss of rice production every year. A tightly regulated life cycle allows M. oryzae to disarm the host plant immune system during its biotrophic stage before triggering plant cell death in its necrotrophic stage. The ways M. oryzae navigates its complex life cycle remain unclear. This work characterizes two metacaspase proteins with peptidase activity in M. oryzae that are shown to be involved in the regulation of fungal growth and development prior to infection by potentially helping maintain fungal fitness. This study provides new insights into the role of metacaspase proteins in filamentous fungi by illustrating the delays in M. oryzae morphogenesis in the absence of these proteins. Understanding the mechanisms by which M. oryzae morphology and development promote its devastating pathogenicity may lead to the emergence of proper methods for disease control.

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