Conventional and Low-Volume Microtube Application of Insecticide Treatments for Management of Corn Rootworm Larvae and Residual Control of First-Generation European Corn Borers, 1997

1998 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-189
Author(s):  
M. A. Boetel ◽  
B. W. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
Residual Control

scholarly journals Evaluation of Corn Rootworm Insecticide Treatments and Carry-Over Control of European Corn Borers in South Dakota, 1995

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
M. A. Boetel ◽  
B. W. Fuller
Keyword(s):  
South Dakota ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
Linear Models ◽  
Larval Feeding ◽  
Corn Rootworm ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Root Injury ◽  
Carry Over ◽  
Residual Control

Abstract A secondary benefit of corn rootworm insecticide treatments could be the residual control of European corn borer (ECB) larvae. Our study was repeated at sites near Aurora, Cavour, Delmont, and Garretson, South Dakota to assess the efficacy and secondary ECB control provided by 3 insecticides (Furadan, 60720A, & Regent). Treatment plots consisted of single 15.2 m long rows which were spaced 96.5 cm apart. The study was arranged in a RCBD with 4 replicates at each site. Granular insecticide formulations were applied with modified Noble metering units mounted on a specially adapted Kinze 4-row com planter. Metering units were ground-driven, and all units were calibrated on the planter before applications. Banded (B) insecticide treatments were applied in an 18-cm swath over the open seed furrow in front of furrow-closing wheels (T-band), and were incorporated by the wheels and drag chains. In-furrow (F) treatments were placed directly between double-disk furrow openers and into the open seed furrow. Cultivation-time liquids were applied using a CO2-powered backpack canister sprayer system equipped with a single nozzle (Teejet 8003 flat fan) hand-held boom. The system was calibrated to deliver 20 gpa. To evaluate rootworm damage 5 roots per replicate were dug for each treatment. Roots were washed, examined for corn rootworm larval feeding damage, and rated in accordance with the Iowa 1 to 6 scale. For assessment of ECB control, 10 com stalks were randomly chosen from each plot. Plants were split vertically and examined for corn borer tunneling damage. The number and length of ECB cavities were analyzed along with root injury data using SAS’s General Linear Models (GLM) procedure and means were compared by DMRT.

scholarly journals Weather Conditions and Maturity Group Impacts on the Infestation of First Generation European Corn Borers in Maize Hybrids in Croatia

Plants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1387
Author(s):  
Renata Bažok ◽  
Ivan Pejić ◽  
Maja Čačija ◽  
Helena Virić Gašparić ◽  
Darija Lemić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Maturity Group ◽  
Climatic Regions ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Relative Air Humidity ◽  
Observed Damage ◽  
Maturity Groups

Overwintering success and weather conditions are the key factors determining the abundance and intensity of the attack of the first generation of European corn borers (ECB). The tolerance of maize to the 1st generation of ECB infestation is often considered to be connected with the maize maturity time. The aims of this research were (I) to examine the reactions of different maize FAO maturity groups in term of the damage caused by ECB larvae, (II) to analyze the influence of four climatic regions of Croatia regarding the damage caused by ECB larvae, and (III) to correlate observed damage between FAO maturity groups and weather conditions. First ECB generation damage has been studied in the two-year field trial with 32 different hybrids divided into four FAO maturity groups (eight per group) located at four locations with different climatic conditions. The results showed a lack of correlation between the FAO maturity group and the percent of damage. The percent of damage was positively correlated with the average air temperature in June (r = 0.59 for 2017 and r = 0.74 in 2018, p = 0.0001) within the range from 20 to 24.5 °C and was negatively correlated with the relative air humidity (r = −0.58 in 2017 and r = −0.77 in 2018, p = 0.0001) within the range of 50% to 80%. Our results provide a better understanding of the different factors that influence ECB damage. The obtained data could be used to predict the damage from the first generation of ECB under the weather conditions of different regions.

Reduction of Corn Yield by First-Generation Southwestern Corn Borers

1958 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 747-749 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Arbuthnot ◽  
R. R. Walton ◽  
J. S. Brooks
Keyword(s):  
First Generation ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Corn Borers

scholarly journals Lavage, Simethicone, and Prokinetics—What to Swallow with a Video Capsule

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1711
Author(s):  
Martin Keuchel ◽  
Niehls Kurniawan ◽  
Marc Bota ◽  
Peter Baltes
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Capsule Endoscopy ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Battery Lifetime ◽  
Battery Capacity ◽  
Colon Capsule ◽  
Low Volume ◽  
New Generation

The development of new capsules now allows endoscopic diagnosis in all segments of the gastrointestinal tract and comes with new needs for differentiated preparation regimens. Although the literature is steadily increasing, the results of the conducted trials on preparation are sometimes conflicting. The ingestion of simethicone before gastric and small bowel capsule endoscopy for prevention of air bubbles is established. The value of a lavage before small bowel capsule endoscopy (SBCE) is recommended, although not supported by all studies. Ingestion in the morning before the procedure seems useful for the improvement of mucosa visualization. Lavage after swallowing of the capsule seems to improve image quality, and in some studies also diagnostic yield. Prokinetics has been used with first generation capsules to shorten gastric transit time and increase the rate of complete small bowel visualization. With the massively prolonged battery capacity of the new generation small bowel capsules, prokinetics are only necessary in significantly delayed gastric emptying as documented by a real-time viewer. Lavage is crucial for an effective colon capsule or pan-intestinal capsule endoscopy. Mainly high or low volume polyethylene glycol (PEG) is used. Apart from achieving optimal cleanliness, propulsion of the capsule by ingested boosts is required to obtain a complete passage through the colon within the battery lifetime. Boosts with low volume sodium picosulfate (NaP) or diatrizoate (gastrografin) seem most effective, but potentially have more side effects than PEG. Future research is needed for more patient friendly but effective preparations, especially for colon capsule and pan-intestinal capsule endoscopy.

Managing Colorado Potato Beetles (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) and European Corn Borers (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) in Potato with Foliar Applications of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner

2000 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 373-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian A. Nault ◽  
John Speese
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
European Corn Borer ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Corn Borer ◽  
Corn Borers ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Leptinotarsa Decemlineata Say

Application timing and rate combinations of Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner used for protecting Irish potato, Solanum tuberosum L., from defoliation by the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), and stem injury by the European corn borer, Ostrinia nubilalis (Hübner), were investigated. Significant reductions in defoliation levels during bloom, populations of first-generation potato beetle adults, and the percentage of stems injured by corn borers at the end of the season in B. thuringiensis-treated potato were considered criteria for a successful management strategy. Although Colorado potato beetle infestations were managed effectively with B. thuringiensis, European corn borer populations were not reduced to a commercially acceptable level. In each of 3 yrs, neither an increase in the number of applications (from 1 to 4) nor an increase in rate (from 0.9 to 3.8 liters/ha) of B. thuringiensis subsp. kurstaki improved the level of corn borer control. In contrast, results indicated that 1 application of B. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis, timed when there was >1 large potato beetle larva per stem, using a 4.7 liters/ha rate protected the potato crop during the bloom stage. However, this strategy may not be sufficient to prevent significant levels of defoliation by first-generation potato beetle adults during post-bloom or reduce the size of this population, which will infest next season's crop. For this reason, the B. thuringiensis subsp. tenebrionis timing and rate regimen described above may be most effective in fields where the overwintering potato beetle population is predicted to be low to moderate (e.g., <1 adult per 5 stems), whereas two applications may be most effective in fields where densities are greater.

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