scholarly journals Sex ratios under asymmetrical local mate competition in the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis

2006 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 345-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Shuker ◽  
Ido Pen ◽  
Stuart A. West
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Local Mate

Effects of constrained females on offspring sex ratios of Nasonia vitripennis in relation to local mate competition theory

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (12) ◽  
pp. 1969-1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
B H King ◽  
J A D'Souza
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Virgin Female ◽  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Nasonia Vitripennis ◽  
Competition Theory ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Mated Female

Empirical studies of how constrained females affect sex ratio are few. Constrained females are those that can produce only sons (e.g., in haplodiploid species, females that have not mated or older females that have used up their sperm). In the parasitoid wasp Nasonia vitripennis (Walker, 1836), failure to mate soon after emergence increased the probability of a female being constrained and thus affected sex ratio directly. Local mate competition theory shows that whether a female is constrained can also affect sex ratio indirectly by affecting what sex ratio other females produce. However, this was not the case in N. vitripennis. A female's sex ratio was not significantly different when she was with another young mated female versus a virgin female or an old mated female depleted of sperm. These results suggest that N. vitripennis females may be unable to recognize whether another female is constrained. The increased proportion of sons in response to other females relative to when alone did not persist the day after exposure.

scholarly journals Local mate competition modifies the costs of mating in a mostly monandrous parasitoid wasp

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 417-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca A Boulton ◽  
Nicola Cook ◽  
E V (Ginny) Greenway ◽  
Georgina L Glaser ◽  
Jade Green ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Local Mate

scholarly journals Primary and secondary sex ratios in a gregarious parasitoid with local mate competition

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 435-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahand K. Khidr ◽  
Sean Mayes ◽  
Ian C.W. Hardy
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Gregarious Parasitoid

scholarly journals Sex Ratios under Asymmetrical Local Mate Competition: Theory and a Test with Parasitoid Wasps

2005 ◽  
Vol 166 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-316 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Shuker ◽  
Ido Pen ◽  
Alison B. Duncan ◽  
Sarah E. Reece ◽  
Stuart A. West
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Competition Theory ◽  
Local Mate

scholarly journals Solving the sex ratio scandal in Melittobia wasps

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Abe ◽  
Ryosuke Iritani ◽  
Koji Tsuchida ◽  
Yoshitaka Kamimura ◽  
Stuart A. West
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Allocation ◽  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Offspring Sex ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Close Relatives

AbstractThe scandalous sex ratio behaviour of Melittobia wasps has long posed one of the greatest problems for the field of sex allocation. In contrast to the predictions of theory, and the behaviour of numerous other organisms, laboratory experiments have found that Melittobia females do not produce less female-biased offspring sex ratios when more females lay eggs on a patch. We resolve this scandal, by showing that, in nature, females of M. australica have sophisticated sex ratio behaviour, where their strategy also depends upon whether they have dispersed from the patch where they emerged. When females have not dispersed, they will be laying eggs with close relatives, which keeps local mate competition high, even with multiple females, and so they are selected to produce consistently female-biased sex ratios. Laboratory experiments mimic these conditions. In contrast, when females disperse, they will be interacting with non-relatives, and so they adjust their sex ratio depending upon the number of females laying eggs. Consequently, females appear to use dispersal status as an indirect cue of relatedness, and whether they should adjust their sex ratio in response to the number of females laying eggs on the patch.

scholarly journals Cooperative interactions among females and even more extraordinary sex ratios

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ryosuke Iritani ◽  
Stuart A West ◽  
Jun Abe
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
Structured Populations ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Wasp Species ◽  
Cooperative Interactions ◽  
Competition Theory ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Biased Sex Ratio

AbstractHamilton’s local mate competition theory provided an explanation for extraordinary female biased sex ratios in a range of organisms. When mating takes place locally, in structured populations, a female biased sex ratio is favoured to reduce competition between related males, and to provide more mates for males. However, there are a number of wasp species where the sex ratios appear to more female biased than predicted by Hamilton’s theory. We investigated theoretically the extent to which cooperative interactions between related females can interact with local mate competition to favour even more female biased sex ratios. We found that: (i) cooperative interactions between females can lead to sex ratios that are more female biased than predicted by local competition theory alone; (ii) sex ratios can be more female biased when the cooperative interactions are offspring helping parents before dispersal, rather than cooperation between siblings after dispersal. Our results can be applied to a range of organisms, and provide an explanation for the extreme sex ratio biases that have been observed in Sclerodermus and Melittobia wasps.

Local mate competition in the solitary parasitoid wasp Ooencyrtus kuvanae

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 1071-1077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ummat Somjee ◽  
Kelly Ablard ◽  
Bernard Crespi ◽  
Paul W. Schaefer ◽  
Gerhard Gries
Keyword(s):  
Parasitoid Wasp ◽  
Local Mate Competition ◽  
Mate Competition ◽  
Local Mate ◽  
Solitary Parasitoid ◽  
Ooencyrtus Kuvanae
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