Coinfection of Blacklegged Ticks (Acari: Ixodidae) in Dutchess County, New York, with the Agents of Lyme Disease and Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 901-903 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric M. Schauber ◽  
Shira J. Gertz ◽  
William T. Maple ◽  
Richard S. Ostfeld
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Dutchess County

scholarly journals Geographic Risk for Lyme Disease and Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis in Southern New York State

1998 ◽  
Vol 64 (12) ◽  
pp. 4663-4669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas J. Daniels ◽  
Theresa M. Boccia ◽  
Shobha Varde ◽  
Jonathan Marcus ◽  
Jianhua Le ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
New York State ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
York State ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Pathogen Surveillance

ABSTRACT Ixodes scapularis, the tick vector of Lyme disease and human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE), is prevalent in much of southern New York state. The distribution of this species has increased, as have reported cases of both Lyme disease and HGE. The unreliability of case reports, however, demonstrates the need for tick and pathogen surveillance in order to accurately define areas of high risk. In this study, a total of 89,550 m2 at 34 study sites was drag sampled in 1995 and a total of 51,540 m2 at 40 sites was sampled in 1996 to determine tick and pathogen distribution in southern New York state. I. scapularis was collected from 90% of the sites sampled, and regionally, a 2.5-fold increase in nymphal abundance occurred from 1995 to 1996. I. scapularisindividuals from all sites were infected with Borrelia burgdorferi in 1995, while an examination of ticks for bothB. burgdorferi and the agent of HGE in 1996 confirmed that these organisms were present in all counties; the average coinfection rate was 1.9%. No correlation was found between estimated risk and reported cases of Lyme disease. The geographic disparity of risk observed among sites in this study underscores the need for vector and pathogen surveillance on a regional level. An entomologic risk index can help identify sites for targeted tick control efforts.

scholarly journals Positive Lyme Disease Serology in Patients With Clinical and Laboratory Evidence of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 107 (2) ◽  
pp. 142-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary P. Wormser ◽  
Harold W. Horowitz ◽  
John Nowakowski ◽  
Donna Mckenna ◽  
J. Stephen Dumler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Laboratory Evidence ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Susceptibility ofEhrlichia phagocytophila

2001 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 786-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harold W. Horowitz ◽  
T.-C. Hsieh ◽  
Maria E. Aguero-Rosenfeld ◽  
Fatemeh Kalantarpour ◽  
Ishraq Chowdhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Culture System ◽  
Minimum Bactericidal Concentration ◽  
New York State ◽  
Cell Culture System ◽  
Obligate Intracellular ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Ehrlichia Phagocytophila ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Quinolone Antibiotics

ABSTRACT Human granulocytic ehrlichiosis is a recently described disease caused by an obligate intracellular gram-negative organism recently named Ehrlichia phagocytophila. To expand our knowledge of the susceptibility of E. phagocytophila, we tested six New York State isolates for susceptibility to 12 antimicrobials using an HL-60 cell culture system. All of the isolates were susceptible to doxycycline (MIC, ≤0.125 μg/ml; minimum bactericidal concentration [MBC], 0.125 to 0.5 μg/ml), rifampin (MIC, ≤0.125 μg/ml; MBC, ≤0.125 μg/ml), ofloxacin (MIC, ≤2 μg/ml; MBC, ≤2 μg/ml), levofloxacin (MIC, ≤1 μg/ml; MBC, ≤1 μg/ml), and trovafloxacin (MIC, ≤0.032 μg/ml; MBC, ≤0.032 μg/ml). Isolates were uniformly resistant to amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin, and amikacin. For one strain, the MBC of chloramphenicol was ≤8 μg/ml. These data suggest that quinolone antibiotics and rifampin may be alternative agents for patients with intolerance to tetracyclines.

scholarly journals Detection of Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis Agent and Borrelia Burgdorferi in Ticks by Polymerase Chain Reaction

1998 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yung-Fu Chang ◽  
Vesna Novosel ◽  
Chao-Fu Chang ◽  
Jong Bae Kim ◽  
Sang J. Shin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Borrelia Burgdorferi ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
Ixodid Ticks ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Polymerase Chain

Adult ixodid ticks were collected from Westchester County, New York, and Ipswich, Massachusetts, to determine the presence of infection with a human granulocytic ehrlichiosis (HGE) agent by using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presence of Borrelia burgdorferi in ticks collected from New York was also determined by PCR. Of the 229 ticks from New York and 47 ticks from Massachusetts, 9% (22/229) and 25% (12/47) of ticks contained HGE agent, respectively. Fifty-four percent (123/229) of the ticks collected from New York were B. burgdorferi positive; 4% (9/229) of these ticks contained both HGE agent and B. burgdorferi. This finding indicates that animals with Lyme borreliosis may be also exposed to the etiologic agent of HGE. More extensive laboratory diagnosis may be necessary when multiple tick-borne diseases are suspected in animals.

scholarly journals Disease‐Specific Diagnosis of Coinfecting Tickborne Zoonoses: Babesiosis, Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis, and Lyme Disease

2002 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1184-1191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter J. Krause ◽  
Kathleen McKay ◽  
Charles A. Thompson ◽  
Vijay K. Sikand ◽  
Ronald Lentz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Specific Diagnosis ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Disease Specific

scholarly journals Lyme Disease and Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis

1997 ◽  
Vol 108 (4) ◽  
pp. 479.2-481
Author(s):  
Edward A. Belongia ◽  
Po-Huang Chyou ◽  
Kurt D. Reed ◽  
Fermina M. Mazzella ◽  
Ramon Kranwinkel
Keyword(s):  
Lyme Disease ◽  
Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis ◽  
Human Granulocytic Ehrlichiosis
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