Determination of Permethrin Resistance Allele Frequency of Human Head Louse Populations by Quantitative Sequencing

Background: Most people in the United States and Canada with pediculosis will be treated with neurotoxic pediculicides containing pyrethrins or pyrethroids. Their widespread use led to significant resistance reported from various countries. Although treatment failures are frequently observed in Canada, the resistance frequency to pyrethroid pediculicide of human head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) has not been determined. Objective: To determine the knockdown resistance ( kdr) allele frequency in human head louse populations in Canada. Methods: Patients infested with Pediculus humanus capitis, aged 4 to 65 years, residents of Ontario, Quebec, and British Columbia, were participants. Head lice were collected by combing and picking the enrolled subjects' hair. Lice were analyzed by serial invasive signal amplification reaction (SISAR) for genotyping the T917I mutation of lice indicating permethrin resistance. The permethrin-resistant kdr allele (R allele) frequency could then be evaluated in the head lice collected in Canada. Results: Of the head louse populations analyzed, 133 of 137 (97.1%) had a resistant (R) allele frequency, whereas only 4 of 137 (2.9%) had a susceptible (S) allele frequency. Conclusions: The 97.1% resistant (R) allele frequency in head lice from Canada could explain the treatment failures encountered with pyrethrin and pyrethroid pediculicide treatments in Canadian populations infested with Pediculus humanus capitis as the latter will not be eliminated by those pediculicides.

Download Full-text

An improved in vitro rearing system for the human head louse allows the determination of resistance to formulated pediculicides

Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology ◽

10.1016/j.pestbp.2006.04.001 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 86 (3) ◽

pp. 195-202 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

Kyong Sup Yoon ◽

Joseph P. Strycharz ◽

Jian-Rong Gao ◽

Miwako Takano-Lee ◽

John D. Edman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head Louse ◽

Human Head ◽

In Vitro Rearing

Download Full-text

Determination of organophosphate and carbamate resistance allele frequency in diamondback moth populations by quantitative sequencing and inhibition tests

Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology ◽

10.1016/j.aspen.2010.11.007 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 29-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Young Ho Kim ◽

Joon-Ho Lee ◽

Si Hyeock Lee

Keyword(s):

Allele Frequency ◽

Diamondback Moth ◽

Resistance Allele

Download Full-text

Permethrin Resistance Due to Knockdown Gene Mutations is Prevalent in Human Head Louse Populations~!2010-02-24~!2010-03-10~!2010-07-14~!

The Open Dermatology Journal ◽

10.2174/1874372201004030063 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 63-68 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

J. Marshall Clark

Keyword(s):

Head Louse ◽

Gene Mutations ◽

Human Head

Download Full-text

Estimation of Cry3Bb1 resistance allele frequency in field populations of western corn rootworm using a genetic marker

G3 Genes|Genome|Genetics ◽

10.1093/g3journal/jkaa013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Alan Willse ◽

Lex Flagel ◽

Graham Head

Keyword(s):

Allele Frequency ◽

Western Corn Rootworm ◽

Allele Frequencies ◽

Chromosome 8 ◽

Corn Belt ◽

Corn Rootworm ◽

Resistance Allele ◽

Response To Selection ◽

The Us ◽

Causal Allele

Abstract Following the discovery of western corn rootworm (WCR; Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) populations resistant to the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) protein Cry3Bb1, resistance was genetically mapped to a single locus on WCR chromosome 8 and linked SNP markers were shown to correlate with the frequency of resistance among field-collected populations from the US Corn Belt. The purpose of this paper is to further investigate the relationship between one of these resistance-linked markers and the causal resistance locus. Using data from laboratory bioassays and field experiments, we show that one allele of the resistance-linked marker increased in frequency in response to selection, but was not perfectly linked to the causal resistance allele. By coupling the response to selection data with a genetic model of the linkage between the marker and the causal allele, we developed a model that allowed marker allele frequencies to be mapped to causal allele frequencies. We then used this model to estimate the resistance allele frequency distribution in the US Corn Belt based on collections from 40 populations. These estimates suggest that chromosome 8 Cry3Bb1 resistance allele frequency was generally low (<10%) for 65% of the landscape, though an estimated 13% of landscape has relatively high (>25%) resistance allele frequency.

Download Full-text

Determination of short-lived radionuclides in neutron-activated human head-hair samples

Journal of Radioanalytical Chemistry ◽

10.1007/bf02513707 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 133-140 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

P. Quittner ◽

E. Szabó ◽

G. Perneczki ◽

A. Major

Keyword(s):

Human Head ◽

Head Hair ◽

Hair Samples

Download Full-text

Determination of composition and structure of spongy bone tissue in human head of femur by Raman spectral mapping

Journal of Materials Science Materials in Medicine ◽

10.1007/s10856-011-4353-0 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 22 (7) ◽

pp. 1653-1661 ◽

Cited By ~ 34

Author(s):

M. Kozielski ◽

T. Buchwald ◽

M. Szybowicz ◽

Z. Błaszczak ◽

A. Piotrowski ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Tissue ◽

Human Head ◽

Spongy Bone ◽

Spectral Mapping ◽

Composition And Structure ◽

Raman Spectral

Download Full-text

Presence of the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in the head lice (Pediculus humanus capitis) collected from primary school children of Thailand

PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽

10.1371/journal.pntd.0008955 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (12) ◽

pp. e0008955

Author(s):

Narisa Brownell ◽

Sakone Sunantaraporn ◽

Kobpat Phadungsaksawasdi ◽

Nirin Seatamanoch ◽

Switt Kongdachalert ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Head Louse ◽

Point Mutations ◽

Human Head ◽

Amino Acid Sequences ◽

Primary School Children ◽

Head Lice ◽

Knockdown Resistance ◽

Pediculosis Capitis ◽

Α Subunit ◽

Blood Sucking

Human head lice are blood-sucking insects causing an infestation in humans called pediculosis capitis. The infestation is more prevalent in the school-aged population. Scalp itching, a common presenting symptom, results in scratching and sleep disturbance. The condition can lead to social stigmatization which can lead to loss of self-esteem. Currently, the mainstay of treatment for pediculosis is chemical insecticides such as permethrin. The extended use of permethrin worldwide leads to growing pediculicide resistance. The aim of this study is to demonstrate the presence of the knockdown resistance (kdr) mutation in head lice populations from six different localities of Thailand. A total of 260 head lice samples in this study were collected from 15 provinces in the 6 regions of Thailand. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to amplify the α subunit of voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC) gene, kdr mutation (C→T substitution). Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) patterns and sequencing were used to identify the kdr T917I mutation and demonstrated three genotypic forms including homozygous susceptible (SS), heterozygous genotype (RS), and homozygous resistant (RR). Of 260 samples from this study, 156 (60.00%) were SS, 58 (22.31%) were RS, and 46 (17.69%) were RR. The overall frequency of the kdr T917I mutation was 0.31. Genotypes frequencies determination using the exact test of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium found that northern, central, northeastern, southern, and western region of Thailand differed from expectation. The five aforementioned localities had positive inbreeding coefficient value (Fis > 0) which indicated an excess of homozygotes. The nucleotide and amino acid sequences of RS and RR showed T917I and L920F point mutations. In conclusion, this is the first study detecting permethrin resistance among human head lice from Thailand. PCR-RFLP is an easy technique to demonstrate the kdr mutation in head louse. The data obtained from this study would increase awareness of increasing of the kdr mutation in head louse in Thailand.

Download Full-text