Use of a Fogarty Balloon Catheter to Create Backwall Support and Facilitate Intrahepatic Bile Duct Access During Antegrade Stone Extraction
Percutaneous transhepatic stone removal may be indicated in patients with altered upper gastrointestinal anatomy precluding use of endoscopic stone extraction. When biliary calculi are located in a duct adjacent to the duct cannulated percutaneously, obtaining wire and catheter access into the target duct may be difficult due to the acute angles required of the wire and catheter to access the stone-containing duct. One useful method described and illustrated in this chapter to address this issue involves inflating a balloon catheter downstream from the origin of the target duct to deflect a wire into the target duct and to provide backwall support at the apex of the wire for advancement of the stiff balloon catheter. Once the duct containing the biliary calculi is accessed, sweeps of the calculi can be performed.