scholarly journals Comparative Effectiveness of Group-Delivered Acceptance and Commitment Therapy versus Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Smoking Cessation: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 354-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer B McClure ◽  
Jonathan Bricker ◽  
Kristin Mull ◽  
Jaimee L Heffner
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Cessation ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Point Prevalence Abstinence

Abstract Introduction Preliminary trial data suggest group-delivered acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) might be effective for smoking cessation. If so, this could offer a viable alternative to mainstream behavioral therapies, such as those grounded in cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). The goal of the current study was to compare the effectiveness of group-delivered ACT versus group-delivered CBT in a rigorous randomized trial design with long-term follow-up. Methods Participants (n = 450) were recruited from the Kaiser Permanente Washington health care system and randomized to either ACT-based group counseling or an attention-matched CBT-based group program. All were prescribed an 8-week course of nicotine patches. The primary outcome was self-reported 30-day point prevalence abstinence at 12 months post-randomization assessed with missing values imputed as smoking. Sensitivity analyses using multiple imputation and complete cases were examined, as were biochemically confirmed and 6-month outcomes. Results Thirty-day point prevalence abstinence rates at the 12-month follow-up did not differ between study arms in the primary analysis (13.8% ACT vs. 18.1% CBT, adjusted odds ratio = 0.68 [95% CI = 0.35 to 1.27], p = .23) or the sensitivity analyses. Conclusions Group-based ACT and CBT had similar long-term quit rates in this methodologically rigorous randomized trial. Group-based ACT is a reasonable alternative to group-based CBT for smoking cessation. Implications This study compared the effectiveness of group-based ACT with group-based CBT for smoking cessation using a rigorous, large-scale, attention-matched, randomized trial with 1-year follow-up. One-year cessation rates did not differ between group-based ACT and CBT, suggesting ACT-based intervention is a reasonable alternative to CBT-based counseling for smoking cessation. The results add to the nascent but growing literature assessing ACT and other mindfulness-based treatments for smoking cessation.

scholarly journals One year follow-up and mediation in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for adult depression

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline G.L. A-Tjak ◽  
Nexhmedin Morina ◽  
Maurice Topper ◽  
Paul M.G. Emmelkamp
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Abstract Background Existing therapies for depression are effective, but many patients fail to recover or relapse. To improve care for patients, more research into the effectiveness and working mechanisms of treatments is needed. We examined the long-term efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), testing the hypothesis that CBT outperforms ACT and that both therapies work through their designated mechanisms of change. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 82 patients suffering from MDD. Data were collected before, during and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up, assessing symptoms of depression, quality of life, dysfunctional attitudes, decentering , and experiential avoidance. Results Patients in both conditions reported significant and large reductions of depressive symptoms ( d = -1.26 to -1.60) and improvement in quality of life ( d = 0.91 to -1.28) 12 months following treatment. Our findings indicated no significant differences between the two interventions. Dysfunctional attitudes and decentering mediated treatment effects of depressive symptoms in both CBT and ACT, whereas experiential avoidance mediated treatment effects in ACT only. Conclusions Our results indicate that CBT is not more effective in treating depression than ACT. Both treatments seem to work through changes in dysfunctional attitudes and decentering, even though the treatments differ substantially. Change in experiential avoidance as an underlying mechanism seems to be an ACT-specific process. Further research is needed to investigate whether ACT and CBT may work differently for different groups of patients with depression.

scholarly journals Comparing the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy on hope, resilience, and happiness of veterans with psychopathy

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3A) ◽  
pp. 707-718
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hatami ◽  
Maryam Kalhor Nia Golkar ◽  
Simin Farshadi
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Commitment Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

This study aimed to compare the effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and acceptance and commitment therapy (AT) on resilience, happiness, and hope of veterans with psychopathy. The present study was applied in terms of purpose, a pre-test, post-test, and follow-up research in terms of method, and a quasi-experimental design in terms of nature.  The results showed a difference between the mean scores of resilience, happiness, and hope in the three acceptance and commitment therapy, cognitive-behavioral therapy, and control groups within pre-test, post-test, and follow-up steps. There was a difference between the effects of ACT and CBT on resilience, happiness, and hope of veterans with psychopathy living in Dezful. Moreover, ACT performed better rather than CBT in terms of resilience, happiness, and hope rate among veterans with psychopathy living in Dezful, Iran.

scholarly journals One year follow-up and mediation in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for adult depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline G.L. A-Tjak ◽  
Nexhmedin Morina ◽  
Maurice Topper ◽  
Paul M.G. Emmelkamp
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Abstract Background Existing therapies for depression are effective, but many patients fail to recover or relapse. To improve care for patients, more research into the effectiveness and working mechanisms of treatments is needed. We examined the long-term efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), testing the hypothesis that CBT outperforms ACT and that both therapies work through their designated mechanisms of change.Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 82 patients suffering from MDD. Data were collected before, during and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up, assessing symptoms of depression, quality of life, dysfunctional attitudes, decentering , and experiential avoidance.Results Patients in both conditions reported significant and large reductions of depressive symptoms (d = -1.26 to -1.60) and improvement in quality of life (d = 0.91 to -1.28) 12 months following treatment. Our findings indicated no significant differences between the two interventions. Dysfunctional attitudes and decentering mediated treatment effects of depressive symptoms in both CBT and ACT, whereas experiential avoidance mediated treatment effects in ACT only. Conclusions Our results indicate that CBT is not more effective in treating depression than ACT. Both treatments seem to work through changes in dysfunctional attitudes and decentering, even though the treatments differ substantially. Change in experiential avoidance as an underlying mechanism seems to be an ACT-specific process. Further research is needed to investigate whether ACT and CBT may work differently for different groups of patients with depression.

scholarly journals One year follow-up and mediation in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for adult depression

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline G.L. A-Tjak ◽  
Nexhmedin Morina ◽  
Maurice Topper ◽  
Paul M.G. Emmelkamp
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Abstract Background Existing therapies for depression are effective, but many patients fail to recover or relapse. To improve care for patients, more research into the effectiveness and working mechanisms of treatments is needed. We examined the long-term efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), testing the hypothesis that CBT outperforms ACT and that both therapies work through their designated mechanisms of change.Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 82 patients suffering from MDD. Data were collected before, during and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up, assessing symptoms of depression, quality of life, dysfunctional attitudes, decentering , and experiential avoidance.Results Patients in both conditions reported significant and large reductions of depressive symptoms (d = -1.26 to -1.60) and improvement in quality of life (d = 0.91 to -1.28) 12 months following treatment. Our findings indicated no significant differences between the two interventions. Dysfunctional attitudes and decentering mediated treatment effects of depressive symptoms in both CBT and ACT, whereas experiential avoidance mediated treatment effects in ACT only. Conclusions Our results indicate that CBT is not more effective in treating depression than ACT. Both treatments seem to work through changes in dysfunctional attitudes and decentering, even though the treatments differ substantially. Change in experiential avoidance as an underlying mechanism seems to be an ACT-specific process. Further research is needed to investigate whether ACT and CBT may work differently for different groups of patients with depression.Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01517503. Registered 25 January 2012 - Retrospectively registered, https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT01517503?term=NCT01517503&rank=1

scholarly journals One year follow-up and mediation in cognitive behavioral therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy for adult depression

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline G. L. A-Tjak ◽  
Nexhmedin Morina ◽  
Maurice Topper ◽  
Paul M. G. Emmelkamp
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment Therapy ◽  
Experiential Avoidance ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Dysfunctional Attitudes ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment

Abstract Background Existing therapies for depression are effective, but many patients fail to recover or relapse. To improve care for patients, more research into the effectiveness and working mechanisms of treatments is needed. We examined the long-term efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) for Major Depressive Disorder (MDD), testing the hypothesis that CBT outperforms ACT and that both therapies work through their designated mechanisms of change. Methods We conducted a randomized controlled trial with 82 patients suffering from MDD. Data were collected before, during and after treatment, and at 12-month follow-up, assessing symptoms of depression, quality of life, dysfunctional attitudes, decentering, and experiential avoidance. Results Patients in both conditions reported significant and large reductions of depressive symptoms (d = − 1.26 to − 1.60) and improvement in quality of life (d = 0.91 to − 1.28) 12 months following treatment. Our findings indicated no significant differences between the two interventions. Dysfunctional attitudes and decentering mediated treatment effects of depressive symptoms in both CBT and ACT, whereas experiential avoidance mediated treatment effects in ACT only. Conclusions Our results indicate that CBT is not more effective in treating depression than ACT. Both treatments seem to work through changes in dysfunctional attitudes and decentering, even though the treatments differ substantially. Change in experiential avoidance as an underlying mechanism seems to be an ACT-specific process. Further research is needed to investigate whether ACT and CBT may work differently for different groups of patients with depression. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov; NCT01517503. Registered 25 January 2012 - Retrospectively registered.

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